Open Access
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sports Med Int Open 2017; 1(06): E206-E211
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-120195
Training & Testing
Eigentümer und Copyright ©Georg Thieme Verlag KG 2017

Validity and Reliability of the Apple Watch for Measuring Heart Rate During Exercise

Alaa Khushhal
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Simon Nichols
2   Sheffield Hallam University, Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Will Evans
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Damien O. Gleadall-Siddall
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Richard Page
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Alasdair F. O'Doherty
4   Northumbria University, Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Sean Carroll
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Lee Ingle
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
Grant Abt
1   The University of Hull, School of Life Sciences, Kingston upon Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Publikationsverlauf

received 07. März 2017
revised 24. Juli 2017

accepted 16. September 2017

Publikationsdatum:
18. Oktober 2017 (online)

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Abstract

We examined the validity and reliability of the Apple Watch heart rate sensor during and in recovery from exercise. Twenty-one males completed treadmill exercise while wearing two Apple Watches (left and right wrists) and a Polar S810i monitor (criterion). Exercise involved 5-min bouts of walking, jogging, and running at speeds of 4 km.h−1, 7 km.h−1, and 10 km.h−1, followed by 11 min of rest between bouts. At all exercise intensities the mean bias was trivial. There were very good correlations with the criterion during walking (L: r=0.97; R: r=0.97), but good (L: r=0.93; R: r=0.92) and poor/good (L: r=0.81; R: r=0.86) correlations during jogging and running. Standardised typical error of the estimate was small, moderate, and moderate to large. There were good correlations following walking, but poor correlations following jogging and running. The percentage of heart rates recorded reduced with increasing intensity but increased over time. Intra-device standardised typical errors decreased with intensity. Inter-device standardised typical errors were small to moderate with very good to nearly perfect intraclass correlations. The Apple Watch heart rate sensor has very good validity during walking but validity decreases with increasing intensity.