Sekundärprävention bei koronarer Herzkrankheit – Was gibt es Neues?

Zusammenfassung

Die koronare Herzerkrankung (KHK) ist aus epidemiologischen, aber auch gesundheitsökonomischen Gesichtspunkten eine der wichtigsten Erkrankungen unserer Zeit. Aufgrund des Vorhandenseins von effektiven Präventionsstrategien ist deren Umsetzung von zentraler Bedeutung. Hierbei wird zwischen einer nicht medikamentösen Prävention und einer medikamentösen Prävention unterschieden. Zentrales Anliegen beider Präventionsansätze ist eine optimale Einstellung der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren. Unter den nicht medikamentösen Präventionsmaßnahmen werden Nikotinkarenz, körperliche Aktivität, Gewichtsnormalisierung, Ernährungsumstellung und psychosoziale Interventionen zusammengefasst. Die medikamentösen Präventionsmaßnahmen zielen auf die optimale Einstellung von arterieller Hypertonie, Diabetes, Dyslipidämie, Plättchenaggregationshemmung und Medikamentenadhärenz ab. Nur eine optimale Abstimmung der nicht medikamentösen und medikamentösen Präventionsansätze kann bei Risikopatienten das erste kardiovaskuläre Ereignis oder bei Patienten mit stattgehabtem kardiovaskulärem Ereignis weitere Ereignisse verhindern.

Abstract

Coronary artery disease is one of the most important diseases of our time, both in terms of epidemiological as well as health-economic aspects. Due to the existence of effective preventive strategies, their implementation is of central importance. Non-pharmacological prevention and pharmacological prevention is differentiated. The central concern of both prevention approaches is an optimal control of the cardiovascular risk factors. Among the non-pharmacological prevention measures, smoking cessation, physical activity, weight management, change of nutritional habits and psychosocial interventions are included. The pharmacological prevention measures aim at the optimal treatment of arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, as well as platelet inhibition and drug adherence. Only optimal coordination of both non-pharmacological prevention and pharmacological prevention approaches can prevent the first cardiovascular event in patients at risk or further cardiovascular events in patients who already suffered a cardiovascular event.

Schlüsselwörter

Risikofaktoren - Lebensstil - körperliches Training

Key words

risk factors - life style - exercise training

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