Milbenallergie im HNO-Bereich: Bedeutung, Diagnostik und Therapieoptionen

Zusammenfassung

Die allergische Rhinitis betrifft ca. 20 % der Gesamtpopulation in Deutschland, ca. ein Drittel dieser Patienten ist von einer persistierenden Rhinitis aufgrund einer Milbenallergie betroffen [2]. Bei Patienten mit perennialer Rhinitis allergica ist die Erkrankung besonders häufig mit anderen allergisch bedingten Komorbiditäten wie Asthma bronchiale, atopischem Ekzem, Schlafstörungen, chronischer Sinusitis oder Tubenfunktionsstörungen assoziiert.

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects ca. 20% of the population. Approximately one third of patients affected by AR are suffering from perennial rhinitis due to mite allergy. Perennial rhinitis is the form of the disease that is most frequently associated with other allergy-related comorbidities such as asthma and atopic dermatitis, sleep disorders, chronic sinusitis, eustachian tube dysfunction and others.

The often non-specific symptoms and the insidious course may lead to misinterpretations in diagnosing the disease.

Therapeutic options include allergen avoidance with regard to environmental measures, encasings and personal actions. Drug therapy in mite-AR consists mainly in the administration of mast cell stabilizers, H1-antihistamines, glucocorticosteroids (GCS), leukotriene receptor antagonists and decongestants. It is particularly important to ensure a good antiinflammatory activity. Thus, a combination of H1-antihistamine and topical nasal GCS seems to be a rational approach. The only causal treatment form besides allergen avoidance is allergen-specific immunotherapy [1].

Schlüsselwörter

Allergische Rhinitis - Milbenallergie - Asthma bronchiale - atopisches Ekzem - Sinusitis - allergenspezifische Immuntherapie

Key words

Allergic rhinitis - mite allergy - bronchial asthma - atopic eczema - sinusitis - allergen-specific immunotherapy

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