Update Motorisches Lernen (3) Instruktionen

Zusammenfassung

Mit der verbalen Instruktion der Patient*innen lässt sich Aufmerksamkeit und Lernen fördern. Sie ist ein wesentlicher Teil des Therapie- und Lernprozesses, hat ihren Platz im Lernrad und kann reflektiert und zielgerichtet eingesetzt werden.

• Literatur

• 1 Piccoli A, Rossettini G, Cecchetto S. et al. Effect of Attentional Focus Instructions on Motor Learning and Performance of Patients with Central Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2018; 3: 40
• 2 Schmidt RA, Lee TD, Winstein CJ. et al. Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2018
• 3 Wulf G, Shea CH, Whitacre CA. Physical-guidance benefits in learning a complex motor skill. J Mot Behav 1998; 30: 367-380
• 4 Kleynen M, Beurskens A, Olijve H. et al. Application of motor learning in neurorehabilitation: a framework for health-care professionals. Physiother Theory Pract 2020; 36: 1-20
• 5 Wulf G, Chiviacowsky S, Schiller E. et al. Frequent External-Focus Feedback Enhances Motor Learning. Front Psychol 2010; 1: 190
• 6 Beek PJ, Roerdink M. Evolving insights into motor learning and their implications for neurorehabilitation. In: Selzer M, Clarke S, Cohen LG. et al (eds) Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2014
• 7 Aloraini SM, Gelley G, Glazebrook C. et al. Motor Behavior Concepts in the Study of Balance: A Scoping Review. J Mot Behav 2020; 52: 97-121
• 8 Peh SYC, Chow JY, Davids K. Focus of attention and its impact on movement behaviour. J Sci Med Sport 2011; 14: 70-78
• 9 Wulf G, Lewthwaite R. Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychon Bull Rev 2016; 23: 1382-1414
• 10 Wulf G, McNevin N, Shea CH. The automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of attentional focus. Q J Exp Psychol A 2001; 54: 1143-1154
• 11 Wulf G. Attentional focus and motor learning: A review of 15 years. International Rev Sport Exerc Psychol 2013; 6: 77-104
• 12 Huber M. Optimal Bewegung lernen – Prof. Dr. Gabriele Wulf über die OPTIMAL-Theorie. physiopraxis 2019; 17: 32-35
• 13 Wulf G. Aufmerksamkeit und motorisches Lernen. München: Elsevier; 2009
• 14 Landers M, Wulf G, Wallmann H. et al. An external focus of attention attenuates balance impairment in patients with Parkinsons disease who have a fall history. Physiotherapy 2005; 91: 152-158
• 15 Kakar C, Zia N, Sehgal S. et al. Effect of external and internal focus of attention on acquisition, retention, and transfer phase of motor learning in Parkinson’s disease. Hong Kong Physiother J 2013; 31: 88-94
• 16 Fasoli SE, Trombly CA, Tickle-Degnen L. et al. Effect of instructions on functional reach in persons with and without cerebrovascular accident. Am J Occup Ther 2002; 56: 380-390
• 17 Durham KF, Sackley CM, Wright CC. et al. Attentional focus of feedback for improving performance of reach-to-grasp after stroke: a randomised crossover study. Physiotherapy 2014; 100: 108-115
• 18 Kim GJ, Hinojosa J, Rao AK. et al. Randomized Trial on the Effects of Attentional Focus on Motor Training of the Upper Extremity Using Robotics With Individuals After Chronic Stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98: 1924-1931
• 19 Sakurada T, Nakajima T, Morita M. et al. Improved motor performance in patients with acute stroke using the optimal individual attentional strategy. Sci Rep 2017; 7: 40592
• 20 Aloraini SM, Glazebrook CM, Pooyania S. et al. An external focus of attention compared to an internal focus of attention improves anticipatory postural adjustments among people post-stroke. Gait Posture 2020; 82: 100-105
• 21 Johnson L, Burridge JH, Demain SH. Internal and External Focus of Attention During Gait Re-Education: An Observational Study of Physical Therapist Practice in Stroke Rehabilitation. Phys Ther 2013; 93: 957-966
• 22 Kal EC, Kamp J van der, Houdijk H. et al. Stay Focused! The Effects of Internal and External Focus of Attention on Movement Automaticity in Patients with Stroke. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0136917
• 23 Maurer H, Munzert J. Influence of attentional focus on skilled motor performance: Performance decrement under unfamiliar focus conditions. Hum Mov Sci 2013; 32: 730-740
• 24 Beck EN, Almeida QJ. Dopa-Responsive Balance Changes Depend on Use of Internal Versus External Attentional Focus in Parkinson Disease. Phys Ther 2017; 97: 208-216
• 25 Kal E, Houdijk H, van der Kamp J. et al. Are the effects of internal focus instructions different from external focus instructions given during balance training in stroke patients? A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabi 2019; 33: 207-221

• Quelle

• Huber M, Janssen C, Lüscher Erzer F. et al. Motorisches Lernen in der Neuroreha. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2022