Abstract
Proximal hamstring avulsion is a rare injury that can produce permanent functional
alterations, in addition to a high risk of retear (in up to 30% of the cases). It
usually occurs in athletes who perform rapid accelerations or require ballistic movements
during their training, although they also occur in a more sedentary population due
to low-energy mechanisms. The most frequent mechanism of injury is an eccentric contraction
of the proximal hamstrings when trying to resist a fall, with the hip in flexion and
the knee in extension.
Numerous clinical signs are described at the physical examination. Regarding its study,
although conventional radiography and ultrasound are very useful, magnetic resonance
is recognized as the gold standard for its precise diagnosis.
Treatment will depend on the type of patient and their expectations, although in recent
years the surgical option has been increasingly considered in cases of complete avulsion
of the hamstrings associated with retraction.
We herein present a review of the topic in relation to a clinical case that was resolved
surgically, and we discuss the basic concepts, clinical presentation, complementary
images, and treatment options that are currently available.
Keywords
avulsion lesions - proximal hamstring - surgical treatment of proximal hamstring avulsions
- hamstring rehabilitation
