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Semin intervent Radiol 2023; 40(04): 362-371
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771041
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771041
Review Article
Pelvic Venous Disorders: An Update in Terminology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Abstract
Pelvic venous disorder (PeVD) is a term that encompasses all the interrelated causes of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and perineal/lower extremity varicose veins of pelvic venous origin historically known as nutcracker syndrome, pelvic congestion syndrome, and May-Thurner syndrome, resulting in a more precise diagnosis that accounts for the underlying pathophysiology and anatomy. PeVD manifests as CPP with associated vulvar and lower-extremity varicosities, left flank pain and hematuria, and lower extremity pain and swelling secondary to obstruction or reflux in the left renal, ovarian, or iliac veins. This article will focus specifically on the most current nomenclature, evaluation, and management of CPP of venous origin.
Keywords
pelvic venous disease - pelvic pain - embolization - sclerotherapy - interventional radiology - women's healthPublication History
Article published online:
10 August 2023
© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.
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