Tratamento das lesões condrais no joelho

José Paulo Aramburu Gabbi Filho; Eduardo Branco de Sousa

doi:10.1055/s-0043-1772196

Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2023; 58(04): e551-e556
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772196

Artigo de Atualização

Joelho

Tratamento das lesões condrais no joelho

Artikel in mehreren Sprachen: português | English

José Paulo Aramburu Gabbi Filho

¹Médico Ortopedista e Traumatologista, Serviço de Traumato-Ortopedia, Hospital Central da Polícia Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

²Médico Ortopedista e Traumatologista, Serviço de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Hospital Quinta D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

,

Eduardo Branco de Sousa

³Ortopedista e Traumatologista, Centro de Cirurgia do Joelho, Divisão de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Resumo

As lesões da cartilagem articular são comuns e levam à deterioração precoce da articulação e ao desenvolvimento da osteoartrite. As técnicas de reparo da cartilagem articular visam a formação de um neo-tecido cartilaginoso capaz de suportar carga articular e evitar a progressão da degeneração. Há várias técnicas disponíveis para esse fim, como a microfratura e o transplante de condrócitos. Entretanto muitas vezes o desfecho do procedimento é a formação de fibrocartilagem, que não possui a mesma resistência mecânica do tecido cartilaginoso. Em outros procedimentos, nos quais é realizado enxerto osteocondral autólogo, há risco de morbidade associada ao procedimento, além da disponibilidade limitada de tecido. Por esse motivo, o transplante osteocondral, utilizando enxertos a fresco ou congelados tem sido utilizado para lesões de maior volume. Por fim, novas técnicas utilizando fragmentos de cartilagem picada ou particulada, assim como o uso de células tronco mesenquimais se apresentam como promissores. O objetivo desse artigo é realizar uma atualização dos procedimentos para tratamento das lesões condrais do joelho.

Palavras-chave

cartilagem articular - condrócitos - microfratura - transplantes de células - traumatismos do joelho

Volltext

Referenzen

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