CC BY 4.0 · Aorta (Stamford) 2023; 11(04): 145-151
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772774
Special Feature Article

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Spinal Cord Monitoring—A Roadmap to Translational Research in Aortic Medicine

1   Department for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany
,
Josephina Haunschild
2   Leipzig Heart Center, University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
,
Jens Garbade
1   Department for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Klinikum Links der Weser, Bremen, Germany
,
Christian D. Etz
2   Leipzig Heart Center, University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Funding None.

Abstract

Extensive aortic aneurysms represent a unique challenge necessitating interdisciplinary efforts for safe and effective treatment. Despite various adjunctive neuroprotective strategies, ischemic spinal cord injury remains a devastating complication. This article describes the implementation of collateral network near-infrared spectroscopy as the first noninvasive spinal cord monitoring modality in the setting of extensive open and endovascular aortic repair, from early conceptualization to clinical utilization. Potential capabilities and remaining uncertainties based on current evidence are outlined and discussed.



Publication History

Received: 09 August 2022

Accepted: 19 July 2023

Article published online:
10 November 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 
  • References

  • 1 von Aspern K, Haunschild J, Khachatryan Z. et al. Mapping the collateral network: optimal near-infrared spectroscopy optode placement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022; 164 (01) e3-e15
  • 2 Rocha RV, Friedrich JO, Elbatarny M. et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of early outcomes after endovascular versus open repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68 (06) 1936-1945
  • 3 von Aspern K, Haunschild J, Ziemann M. et al. Evaluation of collateral network near-infrared spectroscopy during and after segmental artery occlusion in a chronic large animal model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 158 (01) 155-164
  • 4 Etz CD, von Aspern K, Gudehus S. et al. Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring of the collateral network prior to, during, and after thoracoabdominal aortic repair: a pilot study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2013; 46 (06) 651-656
  • 5 De Bakey ME, Cooley DA. Successful resection of aneurysm of thoracic aorta and replacement by graft. J Am Med Assoc 1953; 152 (08) 673-676
  • 6 Etz CD, Debus ES, Mohr FW, Kölbel T. First-in-man endovascular preconditioning of the paraspinal collateral network by segmental artery coil embolization to prevent ischemic spinal cord injury. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149 (04) 1074-1079
  • 7 Etz CD, Kari FA, Mueller CS, Brenner RM, Lin HM, Griepp RB. The collateral network concept: remodeling of the arterial collateral network after experimental segmental artery sacrifice. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 141 (04) 1029-1036
  • 8 Khachatryan Z, Haunschild J, von Aspern K, Borger MA, Etz CD. Ischemic spinal cord injury—experimental evidence and evolution of protective measures. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 113 (05) 1692-1702
  • 9 Kari FA, Beyersdorf F. Aortic surgery and spinal collateral flow: a call for structured approaches to functional characterization of the intraspinal collateral system. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149 (06) 1675-1680
  • 10 Etz CD, Luehr M, Kari FA. et al. Paraplegia after extensive thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: does critical spinal cord ischemia occur postoperatively?. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008; 135 (02) 324-330
  • 11 Dias-Neto M, Reis PV, Rolim D, Ramos JF, Teixeira JF, Sampaio S. Strategies to prevent TEVAR-related spinal cord ischemia. Vascular 2017; 25 (03) 307-315
  • 12 Demir A, Erdemli Ö, Ünal U, Taşoğlu İ. Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring of the spinal cord during type B aortic dissection surgery. J Card Surg 2013; 28 (03) 291-294
  • 13 LeMaire SA, Ochoa LN, Conklin LD. et al. Transcutaneous near-infrared spectroscopy for detection of regional spinal ischemia during intercostal artery ligation: preliminary experimental results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 132 (05) 1150-1155
  • 14 Conrad MF, Ergul EA, Patel VI. et al. Evolution of operative strategies in open thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg 2011; 53 (05) 1195-1201.e1
  • 15 Aldrete JA, Mushin AU, Zapata JC, Ghaly R. Skin to cervical epidural space distances as read from magnetic resonance imaging films: consideration of the “hump pad.”. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10 (04) 309-313
  • 16 Luehr M, von Aspern K, Etz CD. Limitations of direct regional spinal cord monitoring using near-infrared spectroscopy: indirect paraspinal collateral network surveillance is the answer!. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 101 (03) 1238-1239
  • 17 Boezeman RP, van Dongen EP, Morshuis WJ. et al. Spinal near-infrared spectroscopy measurements during and after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a pilot study. Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 99 (04) 1267-1274
  • 18 von Aspern K, Haunschild J, Hoyer A. et al. Non-invasive spinal cord oxygenation monitoring: validating collateral network near-infrared spectroscopy for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2016; 50 (04) 675-683
  • 19 Lewis CT, Tenorio ER, Ellozy S, Etz CD, Oderich GS, Schneider DB. Detection of spinal cord ischemia during endovascular thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair using near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring. J Vasc Surg 2019; 70: e30-e31
  • 20 Petroff D, Czerny M, Kölbel T. et al. Paraplegia prevention in aortic aneurysm repair by thoracoabdominal staging with ‘minimally invasive staged segmental artery coil embolisation’ (MIS2ACE): trial protocol for a randomised controlled multicentre trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9 (03) e025488
  • 21 von Aspern K, Haunschild J, Heier M. et al. Experimental near-infrared spectroscopy-guided minimally invasive segmental artery occlusion. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 60 (01) 48-55
  • 22 von Aspern K, Etz C. Prevention of spinal cord injury in aortic aneurysm repair. Gefäßmedizin Scan - Zeitschrift für Angiologie, Gefäßchirurgie, diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie. 2017; 04 (01) 41-56 (article in German)
  • 23 von Aspern K, Sgouropoulou S, Davierwala P, Borger MA, Etz CD. Spinal cord monitoring using collateral network near-infrared spectroscopy during extended aortic arch surgery with a frozen elephant trunk. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021 (05) rjab174
  • 24 Kinoshita T, Yoshida H, Hachiro K, Suzuki T, Asai T. Spinal cord collateral flow during antegrade cerebral perfusion for aortic arch surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 160 (01) 37-43
  • 25 Honkanen H-P, Mustonen C, Tuominen H, Kiviluoma K, Anttila V, Juvonen T. Spinal cord injury during selective cerebral perfusion and segmental artery occlusion: an experimental study. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 34 (01) 145-152
  • 26 Etz DC, Luehr M, Aspern KV. et al. Spinal cord ischemia in open and endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: new concepts. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2014; 55 (2 suppl 1): 159-168
  • 27 Bischoff MS, Gombert A, Brcic A. et al. Intraoperatives Monitoring in der konventionellen und endovaskulären Aortenchirurgie – Neue Verfahren. Gefässchirurgie 2019; 24: 470-476