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CC BY 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 28(01): e148-e156
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1773759
Original Research

Effects of Maxillary Movements on Lips Following Orthognathic Surgery: A Retrospective Non-Randomized Clinical Trial

Soodeh Tahmasbi 
1   Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Kasra Rahimipour 
2   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Mahshid Namdari 
3   Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Reza Tabrizi 
4   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Fatemesadat Seyedzadeghomi 
3   Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
› Author Affiliations
Funding The present research received no specific grants from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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Abstract

Introduction Lips play a fundamental role in facial attractiveness and in decisions pertaining to orthognathic surgery.

Objective To assess the upper lip changes following Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement and/or impaction.

Methods In the present retrospective non-randomized clinical trial, we evaluated 3 groups of patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy of the maxilla. Group 1 (n = 35) underwent maxillary advancement, group 2 (n = 14), maxillary impaction, and group 3 (n = 11) was submitted to both maxillary advancement and impaction. The lip thickness of all patients was measured preoperatively, and the participants in each group were categorized into two subgroups: thin (< 12 mm) and thick (> 12 mm) lip. The primary (before orthognathic surgery) and final (after orthodontic bracket removal) lateral cephalograms of the patients were analyzed using the Dolphin software. Comparisons were made using the paired t-test and linear regression in the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows software.

Results The length of the upper lip increased by 1 mm (p = 0.012) on average following maxillary advancement, and it decreased by 0.43 mm (p = 0.24) on average following maxillary impaction. In the maxillary advancement group, the change in angulation of the incisors predicted the incisal display (p = 0.03). In the maxillary impaction group, skeletal changes in the vertical dimension predicted changes in upper lip length (p = 0.033).

Conclusions Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement significantly increases the length of the upper lip. The assessment of lip thickness prior to surgery can help predict the postoperative results. Changing the angulation of the incisors can predict the incisal display. In maxillary impaction, skeletal changes in the vertical dimension can predict the changes in the length of the upper lip.

Keywords

Le Fort I osteotomy - maxillary advancement - maxillary impaction - upper lip

Ethical Approval

The study was conducted in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (of 1975 as revised in 2000) and was approved by the ethics committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (Institutional Review Board: IR.SBMU.RIDS.REC.1396.575).




Publication History

Received: 26 May 2021

Accepted: 18 September 2022

Article published online:
05 February 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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