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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 27(04): e723-e732
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775581
Original Research

Perivascular Innervation in the Nasal Mucosa and Clinical Findings in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis and Idiopathic Rhinitis

Thiago Carvalho 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
João Ferreira de Mello Jr 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
2   Grupo de Alergia em Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Elia Tamaso Espin Garcia Caldini 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
3   Pathology Department, Cellular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Daniel Calduro Salgado 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Nicole Mary Garcia de Carvalho 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Nilsa Regina Damaceno-Rodrigues 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
4   Laboratórios de Investigação Médica (LIM 59), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
,
Richard Louis Voegels 
1   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
5   Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
› Author Affiliations Funding The presente research was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, in the Portuguese acronym) as a Regular Research Project.
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Abstract

Introduction The nonspecific hyperreactivity of rhinitis has been attributed to neurotrophins activating sensory nerves and inflammatory cells. The relationship between these markers and the intensity of the symptoms is not well established and few studies have evaluated individuals with idiopathic rhinitis.

Objective The present study aims to evaluate whether perivascular innervation and nerve growth factor (NGF) are related to the intensity of the clinical conditions in allergic rhinitis (AR) and idiopathic rhinitis (IR).

Methods A total of 15 patients with AR and 15 patients with IR with the indication for inferior turbinectomy (associated or not with septoplasty) were selected. The patients received a score according to their signs and symptoms. After the surgery, we quantified eosinophils, mast cells, NGF, and nerve fibers in the nasal turbinate.

Results The score of the signs and symptoms was higher in the AR group. Nerve growth factor was found in the cytoplasm of inflammatory cells in the submucosa in greater quantity in the AR group. The nerve fibers were distributed throughout the tissue, mainly in the subepithelial, glandular, and vascular regions, and there was no difference between the groups. Greater perivascular innervation was associated with a higher signs and symptoms score.

Conclusions We concluded that these findings suggest that the NGF produced by submucosal inflammatory cells stimulates increased perivascular innervation in rhinitis, thus directly reflecting in more intense clinical conditions, especially in AR.

Keywords

allergic rhinitis - hyperreactivity - innervation - nerve growth factor - neurotrophins

Contributions of the Authors

Carvalho T.: Conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, visualization, writing – original draft preparation; Mello Jr J. F.: Conceptualization, project administration, supervision, writing – review and editing; Caldini E. T. E. G.: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision; Salgado D. C.: Data Curation, resources; Carvalho N. M. G.: Data Curation, investigation; Damaceno-Rodrigues N. R.: Data curation, investigation, methodology, resources; Richard Louis Voegels R. L.: Funding acquisition, project administration, supervision, writing – review and editing.




Publication History

Received: 08 June 2022

Accepted: 26 September 2022

Article published online:
23 October 2023

© 2023. Fundação Otorrinolaringologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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