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CC BY 4.0 · European Journal of General Dentistry 2023; 12(03): 199-208
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775829
Original Article

Fluoride Concentration, Antibacterial Effect, and Cytotoxicity in Children's Toothpaste: In Vitro Study

Authors

  • Pasiree Thongthai

    1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Pimduean Sivavong

    1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Thanaphum Osathanon 

    2   Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Yanee Tantilertanant

    1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Rangsima Sakoolnamarka

    1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Thawanrat Singthong

    3   Dental Material Research and Development Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Sirirat Uttasen

    4   CU Dental Innovation Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Budsaraporn Boonsuth

    5   Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn university, Bangkok, Thailand

  • Naruporn Monmaturapoj

    6   Assistive Technology and Medical Devices Research Center (A-MED), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand

  • Dusit Nantanapiboon 

    1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
    3   Dental Material Research and Development Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect on cell viability, antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria, and total fluoride availability of commercially available children's toothpastes in Thailand.

Materials and Methods Seven toothpaste slurries were prepared from seven commercial toothpastes for children. Total fluoride concentration was determined. The agar diffusion method was used to examine the antibacterial effect of toothpaste against Streptococcus mutans. The viability of L929 mouse fibroblasts exposed with different concentrations of each toothpaste slurry was tested by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay.

Statistical Analysis One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) tests were used for zone inhibition analysis. Cell viability data were analyzed using Student's t-test.

Results Fluoride concentration in fluoride-containing toothpastes ranged from 521.36 to 1,377.83 ppm. Two toothpastes exhibited a similar level of fluoride concentration compared between the product labels. Other toothpastes showed a difference or slight difference in fluoride concentration between the companies' information and our data. The zone of inhibition ranged from 0 to 2.08 cm. A significantly higher zone of inhibition was observed in toothpastes with sodium lauryl sulfate. The concentration of toothpaste that reduced cell viability to less than 50% of the control was 0.8, 3.1, 6.3, 6.3, 25, and 100% for Fluocaril Deli Fruity, Oral-B Junior 6 + , Kodomo Kids, CUdent Stevia, SunStar GUM, and Kindee Organic, respectively.

Conclusion The examined children's toothpastes can inhibit the growth of S. mutans, which did not correlate with fluoride concentration. The antibacterial effects could be the results of other ingredients, for example, sodium lauryl sulfate.

Keywords

children's toothpaste - fluoride concentration - antibacterial effect - cytotoxicity - stevia fluoride - SLS

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Article published online:
26 December 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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