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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2023; 58(05): e760-e765
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776138
Artigo Original
Joelho

Risk Factors for Symptomatic Cyclops Lesion Formation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Article in several languages: português | English
Camilo Partezani Helito 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2   Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
3   Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
Andre Giardino Moreira da Silva 
2   Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
Pedro Nogueira Giglio 
2   Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
Vitor Barion Castro de Pádua 
4   Departamento de Ortopedia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Marilia, Marilia, SP, Brasil
,
José Ricardo Pécora 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2   Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
,
Riccardo Gomes Gobbi 
1   Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
2   Grupo de Joelho, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
› Author Affiliations Financial Support This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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Abstract

Objective To evaluate the incidence of symptomatic cyclops lesions requiring surgical treatment after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to establish possible intraoperative risk factors related to it.

Methods Three hundred and eighty-nine patients aged between 18 and 50 years who underwent primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of symptomatic cyclops lesions, and their characteristics were compared. Patients with associated lesions that required additional surgical procedures (except anterolateral extra-articular procedures) were not included. The rate of symptomatic cyclops lesions was recorded and the following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, time from injury to surgery, graft type and diameter, femoral tunnel perforation technique, fixation type, presence of knee hyperextension, preservation of the ACL remnant, associated anterolateral extra-articular procedure, associated meniscal injury and participation in sports.

Results 389 patients were evaluated and 26 (6.7%) patients developed cyclops. The patients with and without cyclops lesions did not differ in age, time from injury to surgery, graft type or diameter, surgical technique, femoral fixation method, presence of knee hyperextension, remnant preservation and associated meniscal injury. The group with cyclops lesion had a higher proportion of females (10 (38.4%) vs 68 (18.7%); OR = 2.7; p = 0.015), higher proportion of extra-articular reconstruction (18 (11.8%) vs 8 (3.4%); OR = 3.8; p = 0.001) and higher proportion of sports practice (23 (8.6%) vs 3 (2.5%); OR = 3.6; p = 0.026).

Conclusion In our series, 6.7% of the patients required arthroscopic removal of cyclops lesions. Female gender, associated extra-articular reconstruction and sports practice were factors related to this lesion. Remnant preservation had no relationship with cyclops lesion formation.

Keywords

anterior cruciate ligament - cyclops - knee joint - ligaments, articular - range of motion, articular

Work developed at the Knee Group, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.




Publication History

Received: 27 July 2022

Accepted: 23 November 2022

Article published online:
30 October 2023

© 2023. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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