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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2024; 18(03): 869-876
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776358
Original Article

Effect of Surface Treatment and Resin Cement on the Bond Strength of an Advanced Lithium Disilicate

Yuqing Lu   *
1   Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Thera Elisa Bierman   *
1   Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva
1   Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
João Paulo Mendes Tribst 
2   Department of Reconstructive Oral Care, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Albert J. Feilzer
1   Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2   Department of Reconstructive Oral Care, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Cornelis J. Kleverlaan
1   Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
› Author Affiliations Funding Y.L. appreciates the China Scholarship Council for supporting the PhD study (202006240085).
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Abstract

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment and resin cement on the bond strength of conventional and advanced lithium disilicates (ALDs).

Materials and Methods Ceramic slices (2 × 13 × 15 mm) of conventional lithium disilicate (LD) (IPS e.max CAD) and ALD (CEREC Tessera) were sectioned, polished, and divided into 16 groups (n = 10) according to the factors: ceramic, surface treatment, and resin cement (Panavia V5 and Variolink Esthetic DC). Surface treatments consisted of hydrofluoric acid 4.9% etching for 20 seconds (Hf20) or 30 seconds (Hf30), self-etching ceramic primer (Se), and sandblasting (Sb). Then, a resin cement cylinder (Ø = 2.5 mm) was manufactured on each specimen's surface. The specimens were then submitted to a shear bond strength (SBS) test. Surface roughness was evaluated through a contact profilometer, and surface morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy for qualitative analysis.

Statistical Analysis Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data of SBS and surface roughness. For bond strength, the effects of surface treatment, resin cement, and the interaction were analyzed for each ceramic. For roughness, analyzed factors include ceramic and surface treatment.

Results ANOVA revealed that ceramic (p = 0.047) and surface treatment (p < 0.001) factors affected the bond strength, while the cements performed similarly. Both materials showed adequate bond strength (ALD 19.1 ± 7.7 MPa; LD 17.1 ± 7.9 MPa). Sb protocol showed the lowest mean value (9.6 ± 2.9 MPa) compared with Hf20 (22.0 ± 7.1 MPa), Hf30 (21.7 ± 7.4 MPa), and Se (19.3 ± 6.0 MPa).

Conclusion For both ceramics, the highest performance was obtained after applying Se and Hf20 or Hf30. Therefore, longer etching time is unnecessary. Sb protocol must be avoided.

Keywords

ceramics - lithium disilicate - resin cement - surface properties - dental - bonding - shear strength

Authors' Contribution

A.M.O.D.P., J.P.M.T., A.J.F., and C.J.K conceptualized and designed the study. T.E.B., Y.L., A.M.O.D.P., and J.P.M.T. performed acquisition of data. All authors performed analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, and final approval of the version to be published.


* The authors contributed equally to this work.




Publication History

Article published online:
10 January 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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