RSS-Feed abonnieren
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777801
Facial Nerve Considerations for the Deep Plane Facelift and Neck Lift
Funding B.A. receives royalties from Quality Medical Publishing and Elsevier.![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/fps/EFirst/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-s-0043-1777801_2023100183oa-1.jpg)
Abstract
The surgical approach to facial rejuvenation has evolved significantly over the last century. As surgeons have deepened their understanding of facial anatomy over the last half century, so have their surgical approaches to the rhytidectomy, with increasingly extensive manipulation of the underlying soft tissue in the face. While these procedures have become more comprehensive and natural in their approach, the risk of temporary facial palsy also appears to be on the rise. In this text, we review the technique for deep plane facelifts and neck contouring with an emphasis on the facial nerve anatomy and methods to preserve the intricate facial nerve network during tissue dissection and modification. Careful execution of the surgical steps involved, including deep neck contouring, SMAS (superficial musculoaponeurotic system) suspension, and skin management, is essential to achieve the authentic aesthetic outcomes that patients desire while ensuring patient safety.
Publikationsverlauf
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
10. Januar 2024
© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA
-
References
- 1 Johnson Jr C, Murphy M. The deep plane facelift. Master Tech Facial Rejuvenation 2018; 19 (02) 173-190
- 2 Hollander E. Cosmetic surgery. In: M J, ed. Handbuch Der Kosmetik. Berlin, Germany: Verlag von Veit; 1912
- 3 Miller CC. The excision of bag-like folds of skin from the region about the eyes. By Charles C. Miller, 1906. Aesthet Plast Surg 1988; 12 (03) 155-156
- 4 Lexer E. Zur Geischtsplastik. Arch Klin Chir 1910 92. 749
- 5 Kolle F. Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery. New York, USA: Appleton; 1911
- 6 Skoog T. Plastic surgery: the aging face. In: Skoog T. ed. Plastic Surgery: New Methods and Refinements. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1974: 300
- 7 Hamra ST. The deep-plane rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 86 (01) 53-61 , discussion 62–63
- 8 Stuzin JM, Feldman JJ, Baker DC, Marten TJ. Cervical contouring in face lift. Aesthet Surg J 2002; 22 (06) 541-548
- 9 Marten T. Submandibular gland resection in rejuvenation of the aging neck. Paper presented at: Annual Meeting of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery; 2021
- 10 Jacono AA, Alemi AS, Russell JL. A meta-analysis of complication rates among different SMAS facelift techniques. Aesthet Surg J 2019; 39 (09) 927-942
- 11 Benslimane F, Kleidona IA, Cintra HPL, Ghanem AM. Partial removal of the submaxillary gland for aesthetic indications: a systematic review and critical analysis of the evidence. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44 (02) 339-348
- 12 Azizzadeh B, Irvine LE, Diels J. et al. Modified selective neurectomy for the treatment of post-facial paralysis synkinesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143 (05) 1483-1496
- 13 Azizzadeh B, Mashkevich G. Nerve injuries and treatment in facial cosmetic surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2009; 21 (01) 23-29 , v
- 14 Azizzadeh B, Pettijohn KJ. The gracilis free flap. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2016; 24 (01) 47-60
- 15 Peng GL, Azizzadeh B. Cross-facial nerve grafting for facial reanimation. Facial Plast Surg 2015; 31 (02) 128-133
- 16 Leader B, Griffin GR, Larian B. et al. End-to-trunk masseteric to facial nerve transfer with selective neurectomy for facial reanimation. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32 (08) 2864-2866