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Planta Med 2018; 84(11): 813-819
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-102099
Natural Product Chemistry and Analytical Studies
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Impact of Green Tea Catechin ECG and Its Synthesized Fluorinated Analogue on Prostate Cancer Cells and Stimulated Immunocompetent Cells

Sven Stadlbauer
1   Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Carmen Steinborn
1   Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Amy Klemd
1   Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Fumihiko Hattori
2   Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
,
Ken Ohmori
2   Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
,
Keisuke Suzuki
2   Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
,
Roman Huber
1   Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Philipp Wolf
3   Department of Urology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
,
Carsten Gründemann
1   Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 15 December 2017
revised 11 January 2018

accepted 26 January 2018

Publication Date:
21 February 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Among the known or suspected risk factors, inflammation plays an important role in infectious and non-infectious pathways leading to cancer. Green tea polyphenols have been associated with reducing inflammation and protection against carcinogenesis, especially in prostate cancer. While most of the research in this field, so far, has focussed on epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate only, we studied epicatechin-3-O-gallate, the second most abundant green tea polyphenol with essential therapeutic potential, to obtain a more detailed understanding of its anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory action. Furthermore, to improve the bioactivity of (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, we synthesized a difluoro analogue, called (−)-5,7-difluoro-epicatechin-3-O-gallate. Both compounds reduced cell proliferation of human primary inflammatory lymphocytes in an apoptosis-specific fashion, while (−)-5,7-difluoro-epicatechin-3-O-gallate had a significantly higher activity compared to the natural product (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate. Treatment of low-metastatic LNCaP and high-metastatic PC-3 prostate cancer cells with (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate and (−)-5,7-difluoro-epicatechin-3-O-gallate demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability in the low micromolar range. These effects suggest that (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate and the more effective (−)-5,7-difluoro-epicatechin-3-O-gallate could be therapeutically used to inhibit tumorigenesis during initiation, promotion, and progression by diminishing the amount of inflammation due to a reduction of inflammatory lymphocytes. Further studies are needed to prove this in in vivo experiments.

Key words

Camellia sinensis - Theaceae - green tea polyphenols - fluorine analogue - prostate cancer - inflammation

Supporting Information

    The detailed synthetic procedures for the fluorinated ECG analogue are available as Supporting Information.

  • Supporting Information
 

  • References

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