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CC BY 4.0 · Pharmaceutical Fronts 2024; 06(01): e29-e46
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1780506
Review Article

Sequencing, Physiological Regulation, and Representative Disease Research Progress of RNA m6A Modification

Xiaoqian Chen
1   Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
,
Yuanyuan Li
1   Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
,
Youfang Gan
1   Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
,
Yuyang Guo
1   Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
,
Hongling Zhou
1   Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
2   Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
,
Rui Wang
1   Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, People's Republic of China
2   Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
› Author Affiliations Funding This work is supported by the Huazhong University of Science and Technology Talent Startup Fund; the China Postdoctoral Science Research Fund (Grant No. 217877); and the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University) (Grant No. K202218).
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Abstract

To date, more than 150 chemical modifications have been disclosed in different RNA species, which are employed to diversify the structure and function of RNA in living organisms. The N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, which is found in the adenosine N 6 site of RNA, has been demonstrated to be the most heavy modification in the mRNA in cells. Moreover, the m6A modification in mRNAs of mammalian and other eukaryotic cells is highly conserved and mandatorily encoded. Increasing evidence indicates that the m6A modification plays a pivotal role in gene-expression regulation and cell-fate decisions. Here, we summarize the most recent m6A-sequencing technology, as well as the molecular mechanism underlying its occurrence, development, and potential use as a target for the treatment of human diseases. Furthermore, our review highlights other newly discovered chemical modifications of RNA that are associated with human disease, as well as their underlying molecular mechanisms. Thus, significant advancements have been made in qualitative/quantitative m6A detection and high-throughput sequencing, and research linking this RNA modification to disease. Efforts toward simplified and more accessible chemical/biological technologies that contribute to precision medicine are ongoing, to benefit society and patients alike.

Keywords

RNA modification - N 6-methyladenosine - methyltransferase - binding protein - cancer


Publication History

Received: 24 October 2023

Accepted: 24 January 2024

Article published online:
11 March 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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