Download PDF
CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2025; 19(01): 173-179
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786842
Original Article

Effect of Acidic Media on Surface Topography and Color Stability of Two Different Glass Ceramics

Fatma Makkeyah
1   Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
,
Nesrine A. Elsahn
2   Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
3   Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
4   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
,
Mahmoud M. Bakr
5   General Dental Practice, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
,
Mahmoud Al Ankily 
6   Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two acidic beverages (orange juice and H3PO4-containing fizzy drink) on the surface topography and color stability of two commonly used computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic materials.

Materials and Methods Sixty samples of two CAD/CAM ceramic materials, lithium disilicate (IPS e-max CAD) and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (Vita Suprinity), were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions. The samples were immersed in one of three media (artificial saliva, orange juice and H3PO4-containing fizzy drink) and then stored in an incubator at 37 °C for 24 hours). Before and after immersion in different media, the surface roughness (Ra) of the samples was assessed using profilometer (JITAI8101 Surface Roughness Tester—Beijing Jitai Tech Detection Device Co. Ltd, China) and the color parameters were measured using VITA Easyshade Advance 4.01 (VITA shade, VITA made, VITA). Surface topography was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and surface mineral content was compared before and after immersion. Paired sample t-test was used to determine the change in Ra before and after immersion. Two-way analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of different CAD/CAM materials and immersion media on the mean ∆Ra and mean ∆E of the studied groups. Tukey's honest significant difference posthoc test was used for multiple comparisons at a level of significance (α = 0.05).

Results A significant increase in Ra and a decrease in the color stability of the two investigated ceramic materials were detected after immersion in the acidic media than in artificial saliva. SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray results revealed the dissolution of the glassy matrix and the exposure of silicate crystals.

Conclusion The surface topography and color stability of glass ceramics are affected by the pH of different acidic media.

Keywords

acidic media - glass ceramics - surface roughness - color stability


Publication History

Article published online:
22 May 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Buzalaf MA, Hannas AR, Kato MT. Saliva and dental erosion. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20 (05) 493-502
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Ranjitkar S, Kaidonis JA, Smales RJ. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and tooth erosion. Int J Dent 2012; 2012: 479850
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Maladkar SR, Yadav P, Muniraja ANA. et al. Erosive effect of acidic beverages and dietary preservatives on extracted human teeth-an in vitro analysis. Eur J Dent 2022; 16 (04) 919-929
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Ahmed SN, Donovan TE, Swift Jr EJ. Dental erosion: the unrecognized epidemic. J Esthet Restor Dent 2015; 27 (03) 119-121
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Roesner AJ, Schmohl L, Hahnel S, Fuchs F, König A, Rauch A. Acid resistance of self-adhesive resin luting cements - changes in surface texture parameters and microhardness. Dent Mater 2022; 38 (08) 1376-1384
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Kisely S, Baghaie H, Lalloo R, Johnson NW. Association between poor oral health and eating disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2015; 207 (04) 299-305
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Richards D. Impact of diet on tooth erosion. Evid Based Dent 2016; 17 (02) 40
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Schlueter N, Luka B. Erosive tooth wear - a review on global prevalence and on its prevalence in risk groups. Br Dent J 2018; 224 (05) 364-370
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Giacaman RA, Pailahual V, Díaz-Garrido N. Cariogenicity induced by commercial carbonated beverages in an experimental biofilm-caries model. Eur J Dent 2018; 12 (01) 27-35
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Elraggal A, R Afifi R, Alamoush RA, Raheem IA, Watts DC. Effect of acidic media on flexural strength and fatigue of CAD-CAM dental materials. Dent Mater 2023; 39 (01) 57-69
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Chockattu SJ, Deepak BS, Sood A, Niranjan NT, Jayasheel A, Goud MK. Management of dental erosion induced by gastro-esophageal reflux disorder with direct composite veneering aided by a flexible splint matrix. Restor Dent Endod 2018; 43 (01) e13
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Silva FP, Vilela ALR, Almeida MMG, Oliveira ARF, Raposo LHA, Menezes MS. Surface topography, gloss and flexural strength of pressable ceramic after finishing-polishing protocols. Braz Dent J 2019; 30 (02) 164-170
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Aldosari LI, Alshadidi AA, Porwal A. et al. Surface roughness and color measurements of glazed or polished hybrid, feldspathic, and Zirconia CAD/CAM restorative materials after hot and cold coffee immersion. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21 (01) 422
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Yerliyurt K, Sarıkaya I. Color stability of hybrid ceramics exposed to beverages in different combinations. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22 (01) 180
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Nowakowska-Toporowska A, Malecka K, Raszewski Z, Wieckiewicz W. Changes in hardness of addition-polymerizing silicone-resilient denture liners after storage in artificial saliva. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121 (02) 317-321
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Al-Angari SS, Meaigel S, Almayouf N, Quwayhis S, Aldahash A, Al-Angari NS. The effects of a coffee beverage and whitening systems on surface roughness and gloss of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate glass ceramics. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021 ;19:22808000211058866
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 17 Al-Ahmari MM, Alzahrani AH, Al-Qatarneh FA. et al. Effect of miswak derivatives on color changes and mechanical properties of polymer-based computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD/CAM) dental ceramic materials. Med Sci Monit 2022; 28: e936892
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Alzahrani AH, Aldosari LIN, Alshadidi AAF. et al. Influence of surface type with coffee immersion on surface topography and optical and mechanical properties of selected ceramic materials. Med Sci Monit 2022; 28: e938354
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Egilmez F, Ergun G, Cekic-Nagas I, Vallittu PK, Lassila LVJ. Does artificial aging affect mechanical properties of CAD/CAM composite materials. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 62 (01) 65-74
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 João-Souza SH, Sakae LO, Lussi A. et al. Toothpaste factors related to dentine tubule occlusion and dentine protection against erosion and abrasion. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24 (06) 2051-2060
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Hetherington MM, Altemus M, Nelson ML, Bernat AS, Gold PW. Eating behavior in bulimia nervosa: multiple meal analyses. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60 (06) 864-873
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Yehia D, Zaki I, Mahmoud E, Hamzawy A, Halim SAE. Effect of Simulated Gastric Juice on Surface Characteristics of Direct Esthetic Restorations. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 2012; 6 (03) 686-694
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 23 Statista. Accessed March 9, 2024 at: https://www.statista.com/outlook/cmo/non-alcoholic-drinks/egypt 2024
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 24 Kukiattrakoon B, Hengtrakool C, Kedjarune-Leggat U. Effect of acidic agents on surface roughness of dental ceramics. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2011; 8 (01) 6-15
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Dos Santos DM, da Silva EVF, Watanabe D, Bitencourt SB, Guiotti AM, Goiato MC. Effect of different acidic solutions on the optical behavior of lithium disilicate ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118 (03) 430-436
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 26 Hussein RF, Mohammed HR, Haggag KM. Effect of various pH media on some optical properties and surface roughness of bilayered reinforced polymer and monolithic hybrid ceramic (An in-vitro study). Al-Azhar J Dent Sci 2020; 23 (03) 255-262
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 27 Jones CS, Billington RW, Pearson GJ. The in vivo perception of roughness of restorations. Br Dent J 2004; 196 (01) 42-45 , discussion 31
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 28 Al Wadei MHD. Comparison of the degree of staining of computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) ceramic veneers by green tea, coffee, and Coca-Cola using a digital spectrophotometer. Med Sci Monit 2023; 29: e939341
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 29 Firouz F, Vafaee F, Khamverdi Z, Khazaei S, Gholiabad SG, Mohajeri M. Effect of three commonly consumed beverages on surface roughness of polished and glazed zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramics. Front Dent 2019; 16 (04) 296-302
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 30 Lee JH, Kim SH, Yoon HI, Yeo IL, Han JS. Colour stability and surface properties of high-translucency restorative materials for digital dentistry after simulated oral rinsing. Eur J Oral Sci 2020; 128 (02) 170-180
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 31 Alencar-Silva FJ, Barreto JO, Negreiros WA, Silva PGB, Pinto-Fiamengui LMS, Regis RR. Effect of beverage solutions and toothbrushing on the surface roughness, microhardness, and color stainability of a vitreous CAD-CAM lithium disilicate ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121 (04) 711.e1-711.e6
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 32 Kulkarni A, Rothrock J, Thompson J. Impact of gastric acid induced surface changes on mechanical behavior and optical characteristics of dental ceramics. J Prosthodont 2020; 29 (03) 207-218
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 33 Alsilani RS, Sherif RM, Elkhodary NA. Evaluation of colour stability and surface roughness of three CAD/CAM materials (IPS e.max, Vita Enamic, and PEEK) after immersion in two beverage solutions: an in vitro study. International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences. 2022; 8 (01) 439-449
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 34 Alghazali N, Hakami AA, AlAjlan GA. et al. Influence of the Arabic-Coffee on the overall color of glazed or polished porcelain veneers – in vitro study. Open Dent J 2019; 13 (01) 364-370
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 35 Saba DA, Salama RA, Haridy R. Effect of different beverages on the color stability and microhardness of CAD/CAM hybrid versus feldspathic ceramic blocks: an in-vitro study. Future Dental Journal. 2017; 3 (02) 61-66
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 36 Şişmanoğlu S, Tanyeri Gürcan AT. Evaluation of Stain Susceptibility of Different CAD/CAM Blocks After Immersion in Coffee. Düzce University Institute of Health Sciences Journal 2021; 11: 284-289
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 37 Makkeyah F, Al Ankily M. Effect of different polishing systems on surface roughness and color stability of lithium disilicate ceramics. Al-Azhar J Dent Sci 2022; 25 (04) 375-381
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 38 Makkeyah F, Morsi T, Wahsh M, El-Etreby A. An in vitro evaluation of surface roughness, color stability and bacterial accumulation of lithium disilicate ceramic after prophylactic periodontal treatment. Braz Dent Sci 2021;24(03):
  • 39 Ren YF, Feng L, Serban D, Malmstrom HS. Effects of common beverage colorants on color stability of dental composite resins: the utility of a thermocycling stain challenge model in vitro. J Dent 2012; 40 (Suppl. 01) e48-e56
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 40 Soygun K, Varol O, Ozer A, Bolayir G. Investigations on the effects of mouthrinses on the colour stability and surface roughness of different dental bioceramics. J Adv Prosthodont 2017; 9 (03) 200-207
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 41 Malekipour MR, Sharafi A, Kazemi S, Khazaei S, Shirani F. Comparison of color stability of a composite resin in different color media. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9 (04) 441-446
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 42 Quek SHQ, Yap AUJ, Rosa V, Tan KBC, Teoh KH. Effect of staining beverages on color and translucency of CAD/CAM composites. J Esthet Restor Dent 2018; 30 (02) E9-E17
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 43 Jakovac M, Živko-babić J, Ćurković L, Carek A. Chemical durability of dental ceramic material in acid medium. Acta Stomatol Croat 2006; 40: 65-71
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 44 Kukiattrakoon B, Hengtrakool C, Kedjarune-Leggat U. Chemical durability and microhardness of dental ceramics immersed in acidic agents. Acta Odontol Scand 2010; 68 (01) 1-10
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 45 Alp G, Subasi MG. Effect of surface finishing methods and aging on surface roughness and optical properties of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic. Cumhur Dent J 2019; 22 (01) 121-130
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar