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DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788003
Cortical Responses to Mother's Voice in Comparison with Unfamiliar Voice in the First Trimester of Life: A fNIRS Study
Funding The present research was conducted with financial support from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; funding number 302296/2022–0). The authors would also like to thank the support from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES; financing code 001) and Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (PRPq/UFMG).
Abstract
Introduction The use of functional near-infrared light spectroscopy (fNIRS) may be applied to study cortical responses in children and could offer insight into auditory and speech perception during the early stages of life. Some literature suggests that babies are already able to identify familiar voices at birth, and fNIRS is a non-invasive technique that can be used to study this population.
Objective To characterize the cortical responses of infants during their first trimester of life to infant-directed speech using near-infrared light spectroscopy and to verify whether there is a difference in responses when infant-directed speech is performed by their mother compared with an unknown person.
Methods Twenty-three children between 0 and 3 months, healthy, without risk indicators for hearing loss, and with results considered normal in the audiological evaluation were tested with near-infrared spectroscopy using infant-directed speech as an auditory stimulus produced by their own mother and by an unknown source.
Results Bilateral cortical activation was observed. The responses were present in the temporal, frontal, and parietal regions. Regarding the familiarity aspect, no significant difference was observed for the mother's voice compared with an unknown voice.
Conclusion Infant-directed speech has prosodic characteristics capable of activating several cortical regions in the infant's first trimester of life, especially the temporal region. The familiarity effect needs to be better defined for this type of stimulus during this period.
Authors' Contributions
LMR. and DMM developed the study concept, performed experiments, discussed all analyzed data, and reviewed the paper; ALLB and GCJ performed experiments, analyzed the data, provided statistical analysis, and reviewed the paper. LGD performed the experiments discussed analyzed data, and wrote the paper, RCS wrote the paper and discussed the analyzed data. All authors discussed the results and implications and commented on the manuscript at all stages.
Open Data/Materials
The data that support the findings of this study are available upon request to the senior author. The project's reference number for the ethical committee is CAAE97831218.7.0000.5149.
Publication History
Received: 23 November 2023
Accepted: 01 May 2024
Article published online:
01 August 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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