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CC BY 4.0 · Indian Journal of Neurosurgery
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788254
Original Research Article

Retrospective Outcome Analysis of Geriatric Traumatic Brain Injury Treated at a Tertiary Care Center in India

Abhishek Kumar
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Somil Jaiswal 
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
B.K. Ojha 
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Anil Chandra
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Chhitij Srivastava
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Ankur Bajaj 
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Awdhesh Yadav
1   Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract

Background Trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients and its management is challenging. Outcome assessment in these patients is difficult because of preexisting chronic medical conditions as it may be impossible to isolate the effect of traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to examine the clinical outcomes and epidemiological and clinicoradiological characteristics of geriatric traumatic brain injury patients at a tertiary care center.

Methods The clinical records of patients aged ≥60 years with head injuries treated at King George's Medical University between 2016 and 2020 were included in the study. Patients were followed up in the outpatient department or through telephone consultation. The follow-up period was updated using the Glasgow outcome score (GOS) of patients for current neurological status and relevant radiological investigations.

Results The mean age of subjects was 66.16 ± 6.55 years. Road traffic accidents were the most frequent cause of brain injuries (448 [68.5%]). In total, 41% of the study patients had severe head injuries (Glasgow coma scale, GCS < 9) at admission. The in-hospital mortality was 25.2%. In total, 60.7% of discharged patients showed favorable outcomes (GOS: 4 or 5). GCS at admission, best motor response, and associated comorbidity (diabetes mellitus) significantly predicted the outcome at 6 months. The majority of the patients (82.6 %) were 60 to 70 years of age.

Conclusion Road traffic accidents are the most frequent cause of brain injuries in geriatrics. Most of them were managed medically, and majority were discharged (74.8%). Out of those discharged, 39.3% had unfavorable outcomes.

Keywords

Glasgow outcome score - comorbidity - traumatic brain injury - hematoma - hospital stay


Publication History

Article published online:
16 September 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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