Download PDF
CC BY 4.0 · European Journal of General Dentistry
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788258
Original Article

Effect of Saga Leaf Extract (Abrus precatorius Linn) in Inhibiting Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria Growth as an Alternative Root Canal Irrigation Material

Pitri Ayu Puspita Sari
1   Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
,
Vinna Kurniawati Sugiaman
1   Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
,
Rudy Djuanda
1   Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objective This study aims to examine the antibacterial effect of saga leaf extract on Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, which causes root canal treatment failure.

Materials and Methods This research was conducted using a laboratory experimental method with saga leaf extract at 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100% concentrations. Two percent chlorhexidine acts as the positive control, and 100% dimethyl sulfoxide as the negative control. The diameter of the inhibition zones was measured using the well diffusion test method.

Statistical Analysis Data from the measurement of inhibition zone diameter were obtained and tested statistically using the normality test (Shapiro–Wilk), homogeneity test (Levene), parametric test (one-way analysis of variance), and further test (post hoc test).

Results The largest inhibition zone diameter observed in this study was 9.46 mm at 100% concentration; however, it was not bigger than the positive control, which was measured at 16.55 mm. The research data were analyzed based on the classification of Davis and Stout inhibition zones.

Conclusion This study concludes that saga leaf extract has an antibacterial effect on the growth of E. faecalis bacteria.

Keywords

Enterococcus faecalis - Abrus precatorius Linn - root canal treatment - well diffusion - antibacterial


Publication History

Article published online:
24 July 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Khairunnisa K, Yanuar Ichrom Nahzi M, Diana S. Toxicity test of Dayak onion bulbs extract (Eleuthherine Palmifolia (L) Merr) on artemia salina leach using BSLT method. DENTINO: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 2018; III (01) 91-95
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Nishio Ayre W, Melling G, Cuveillier C. et al. Enterococcus faecalis demonstrates pathogenicity through increased attachment in an ex vivo polymicrobial pulpal infection. Infect Immun 2018; 86 (05) 1-14
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Kuntari LM, Hadriyanto W, Mulyawati E. Perbedaan daya antibakteri klorheksidin 2% dan berbagai konsentrasi sodium hipoklorit kombinasi omeprazole 8,5% terhadap Enterococcus faecalis . Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 2014; 5 (02) 139-149
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Urkande NK, Mankar N, Nikhade PP, Chandak M. Beyond tradition: non-surgical endodontics and Vital Pulp Therapy as a dynamic combination. Cureus 2023; 15 (08) e44134
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Tamara R, Rochyani L, Budi Teguh P. Daya hambat ekstrak teripang emas (Stichopus hermanii) terhadap bakteri Enterococcus faecalis . Denta Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 2015; 9 (01) 37-47
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Singh H. Scient open access exploring the world of science microbiology of endodontic infections. J Dent Oral Health 2016; 2 (5.044): 3-4
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Soraya C, Sunnati S, Maulina V. Efek antibakteri ekstrak batang serai (Cymbopogoncitratus) terhadap pertumbuhan Enterococcus faecalis . Cakradonya Dent J 2016; 8 (02) 69-78
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Sainudeen S, Nair VS, Zarbah M, Abdulla AM, Najeeb CM, Ganapathy S. Can herbal extracts serve as antibacterial root canal irrigating solutions antimicrobial efficacy of Tylophora indica, Curcumin longa, Phyllanthus amarus, and sodium hypochlorite on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms formed on tooth substrate: in vitro study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12 (Suppl. 01) S423-S429
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Alghamdi F, Shakir M. The influence of Enterococcus faecalis as a dental root canal pathogen on endodontic treatment: a systematic review. Cureus 2020; 12 (03) e7257
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Guneser MB, Eldeniz AU. The effect of gelatinase production of Enterococcus faecalis on adhesion to dentin after irrigation with various endodontic irrigants. Acta Biomater Odontol Scand 2016; 2 (01) 144-149
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Drews D-J, Nguyen AD, Diederich A, Gernhardt CR. The Interaction of two widely used endodontic irrigants, chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite, and its impact on the disinfection protocol during root canal treatment. Antibiotics 2023; 12 (03) 589
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Widianto E, Santoso DB, Kardiman K, Nugraha AE. Pemberdayaan masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan tanaman saga (Abrus Precatorius L) di desa tanahbaru pakisjaya Karawang. Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2019; 4 (01) 63
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Wound O, Rabbits T, Cuniculus O. et al. Test the effectiveness of saga leaf extract (Abrus precatorius Linn). J Pharm Sci 2021; 4 (02) 111-116
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Rambe R, Paramitha R, Ginting E, Caniago MY. Test the effectivness of saga leaf extract (Abrus precatorius Linn) ointment for wound treatment in rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus). J Pharm Pharm Sci 2021; 4 (02) 111-116
    Google Scholar
  • 15 Andika NA. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak dan fraksi aktif daun saga (Abrus Precatorius L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Warta Bhakti Husada Mulia Jurnal Kesehatan 2022; 9 (02) 1-11
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Jansen G, Jürgens HU, Schliephake E, Ordon F. Effect of the soil pH on the alkaloid content of Lupinus angustifolius . Int J Agron 2013; DOI: 10.1155/2012/269878.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Abror Zamzami M. Pengaruh penyangraian kopi dalam mengembangkan cita rasa, kesehatan dan daya saing kopi Indonesia. RADAR Plantation 2021; 2 (01) 1-7
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Gu H, Zhu Y, Peng Y. et al. Physiological mechanism of improved tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to lignin-derived phenolic acids in lignocellulosic ethanol fermentation by short-term adaptation. Biotechnol Biofuels 2019; 12 (01) 268
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Cory H, Passarelli S, Szeto J, Tamez M, Mattei J. The role of polyphenols in human health and food systems: a mini-review. Front Nutr 2018; 5: 87
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Rahmawatiani A, Mayasari D, Narsa AC. Kajian literatur: Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak herba suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.). Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences [Internet]. 2020; 12: 117-124
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Saptowo A, Supriningrum R, Supomo S. Uji Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit batang sekilang (Embelia borneensis Scheff) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis . Al Ulum Sains Dan Teknologi 2022; 7 (02) 93-97
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Ramonah D, Ryan Radix Rahardhian M, Nindya Putri C. Determinasi total flavonoid, total fenolik, dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun insulin (Smallanthus sonchifolius) dengan metode perkolasi. Media Farmasi Indonesia 2020; 15 (01) 1585-1592
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Huda C, Putri AE, Sari DW. et al. Uji aktivitas antibakteri fraksi dari maserat Zibethinus folium terhadap Escherichia coli . Jurnal Sain Health 2019; 3 (01) 7-14
    Google Scholar
  • 24 Bontjura S, Waworuntu OA, Siagian KV. et al. Uji efek antibakteri ekstrak daun leilem (Clerodendrum minahassae L) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans . PHARMACON 2015; 4 (04) 96-101
    Google Scholar
  • 25 Manik DF, Hertiani T, Anshory H, Mada G. Analisis korelasi antara kadar flavonoid dengan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan fraksi-fraksi daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus . KHAZANAH 2014; 6 (02) 1-11
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Egra S, Rofin M, Adiwena M, Jannah N, Kuspradini H. Tohru Mitsunaga dan. Aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak bakau (Rhizophora mucronata) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum penyebab penyakit layu. AGROVIGOR: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi 2019; 12 (01) 26-31
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar