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CC BY 4.0 · European Journal of General Dentistry 2025; 14(01): 080-087
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788561
Original Article

Analysis of Influencing Risk Factors of Nonsyndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip in South Sulawesi

Andi Tajrin 
1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
,
M. Hidayat Sakti Rusdin
1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
,
Nurwahida Nurwahida
1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
,
Abul Fauzi
1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
,
Muhammad Irfan Rasul
1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
,
R. Aries Muharram
2   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract

Objective This study is to determine the most dominant risk factors for the potential occurrence of nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of several hospitals in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. An analysis was performed on the medical records of patients with nonsyndromic unilateral clefts. In the period from January 2018 to December 2022, risk factors include gender, parental education, family history of cleft lip and palate, maternal history of smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke, and consumption of drugs and alcohol during gestational age. The size of the sample is determined using the cluster sampling technique. Statistics uses chi-square test analysis and logistic regression for nominal variables. It uses SPSS Statistics version 25, with a value of p < 0.05.

Results The highest risk factor was found in patients with parents with a history of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and in patients with family history of cleft lip and palate, history of smoking or exposure to cigarette smoke, history of drug consumption, and gender. In comparison, parents' education level does not have a significant influence.

Conclusion History of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, family history of cleft lip and palate, history of smoking or exposure to cigarette smoke, history of drug consumption, and gender are considered risk factors for nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Keywords

nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip - cause - risk factors

Consent for Participant

Inform consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.


Ethical Approval

Prior to starting the research, a research proposal was submitted to the Ethics Commission of the Faculty of Dentistry (FKG), Hasanuddin University (UNHAS) and the Teaching Oral and Dental Hospital (RSGMP), Hasanuddin University (UNHAS) to obtain ethical approval recommendation no. 0011/PL.09/KEPK FKG-RSGM UNHAS/2023 dated January 24, 2023. It is intended that this research can be ethically accounted for and legitimized.


Inform Consent

All participants gave written informed consent before the study began.




Publication History

Article published online:
16 September 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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