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Digestive Disease Interventions
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1790195
Review Article

Evolution of Robotics in Endoscopy—Past and Future

A.J. Haas
1   Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical System, Cleveland, Ohio
2   Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Alejandro Feria
1   Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical System, Cleveland, Ohio
2   Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Lema Noubani
1   Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical System, Cleveland, Ohio
2   Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Kainoa McCauley
1   Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical System, Cleveland, Ohio
2   Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Ali M. Kara
1   Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical System, Cleveland, Ohio
2   Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Kevin M. El-Hayek
1   Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical System, Cleveland, Ohio
2   Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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Abstract

The field of flexible endoscopy has evolved rapidly since the introduction of the semiflexible gastroscope. Now, robotic flexible endoscopy is beginning to gain a foothold and mirror the path that laparoscopy has taken. This review describes the development of platforms that have entered the field over the past two decades—from clever enhancements to existing endoscopes to fully robotic platforms with high-tech teleoperational consoles. These advancements improve upon visualization, articulation, and locomotion to reproduce surgery on a miniature scale—both endoluminally and intracorporeally. The field of robotic flexible endoscopy is highly variegated with a multitude of platforms in development, promising a bright future where minimally invasive procedures become safely accessible to patients worldwide.

Keywords

endoscopy - flexible - robotic


Publication History

Article published online:
28 August 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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