The Effectiveness of Herbal Mouthwash with Mangosteen Peel Extract in Inhibiting Dental Plaque Formation

Abstract

Objective Dental plaque control is important for preventing periodontal tissue diseases. Dental plaque control therapy is enhanced when supported by adjunctive therapy, including the use of mangosteen peel extract mouthwash. Mangosteen peel extract contains α-mangostin, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, quinones, and triterpenoids, which have antibacterial properties against bacteria that cause dental plaque. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of mangosteen peel extract mouthwash at concentrations of 2, 4, and 6% in inhibiting plaque formation.

Materials and Methods The study used a quasi-experimental design with pre- and posttreatment examinations. Samples were taken using purposive sampling on 32 patients of Periodontology Clinic of Padjadjaran University Dental Hospital. The patients underwent prophylactic treatment (scaling), then the dental plaque index was measured using the Q-ray Cam Pro and the Loe and Silness Index before (day 1) and after (day 3) gargling with distilled water or mangosteen peel extract mouthwash at concentrations of 2, 4, and 6% for 2 days without oral hygiene in the maxillary area. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results A phytochemical analysis revealed that the mangosteen peel extract contains antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, quinones, and triterpenoids. The mangosteen peel extract mouthwash group exhibited lower mean differences in plaque index compared with the aquades group. The 2% mangosteen peel extract mouthwash shows the smallest mean difference of 0.25 in the Q-ray Cam Pro examination and 0.062 in the Loe and Silness Index examination.

Conclusion Mouthwash with 2, 4, and 6% mangosteen peel extract has an effect in inhibiting dental plaque formation, with 2% concentration exhibiting the best inhibitory effect on dental plaque formation.

Keywords

mouthwash with mangosteen peel extract - dental plaque - Q-ray cam Pro - Loe and Silness index

Suggestion

Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended. In addition, it is essential to control for factors that could influence the study result to increase its validity.

Authors' Contributions

I.H., T.D.F., B.C.H., and C.A.B. participated designing the study and collection of data. I.M.S.P. participated in data collection. I.H., T.D.F., and B.C.H. participated in analysis and writing the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Publication History

Article published online:
06 November 2024

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