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CC BY 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82(10): s00441791518
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791518
Original Article

Absolute beta power in exercisers and nonexercisers in preparation for the oddball task

Potência absoluta de beta em praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico na preparação da tarefa oddball
Marcos Machado 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Renato Fonseca 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Giovanna Zanchetta 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Carlos Amoroso 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Alexandre Vasconcelos 
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Élida Costa 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Eduardo Nicoliche 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Mariana Gongora 
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Marco Orsini 
3   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Niterói RJ, Brazil.
,
Renan Vicente 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Silmar Teixeira 
4   Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Teresina PI, Brazil.
,
Henning Budde 
5   Medical School Hamburg, Faculty of Human Sciences, Hamburg, Germany.
6   Reykjavik University, Department of Sport Science, Reykjavik, Iceland.
,
Mauricio Cagy 
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
7   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Engenharia Biomédica, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Bruna Velasques 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
,
Pedro Ribeiro 
1   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
2   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
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Abstract

Background High levels of physical conditioning are associated with improvements in cognitive performance. In this sense, electroencephalographic (ECG) correlates are used to investigate the enhancing role of physical exercise on executive functions. Oscillations in the β frequency range are proposed to be evident during sensorimotor activity.

Objective To investigate the ECG changes influenced by aerobic and resistance exercises performed in an attention task by analyzing the differences in absolute β power in the prefrontal and frontal regions before, during, and after the oddball paradigm in practitioners and nonpractitioners of physical exercise.

Methods There were 15 physical activity practitioners (aged 27 ± 4.71) and 15 nonpractitioners (age 28 ± 1.50) recruited. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was implemented to observe the main effect and the interaction between groups and moments (rest 1, pre-stimulus, and rest 2).

Results An interaction between group and moment factors was observed for Fp1 (p < 0.001); Fp2 (p = 0.001); F7 (p < 0.001); F8 (p < 0.001); F3 (p < 0.001); Fz (p < 0.001); and F4 (p < 0.001). Electrophysiological findings clarified exercisers' specificity and neural efficiency in each prefrontal and frontal subarea.

Conclusion Our findings lend support to the current understanding of the cognitive processes underlying physical exercise and provide new evidence on the relationship between exercise and cortical activity.

Resumo

Antecedentes Níveis elevados de condicionamento físico estão associados a melhorias no desempenho cognitivo. Nesse sentido, correlatos eletroencefalográficos são utilizados na investigação do papel aprimorador do exercício físico sobre as funções executivas. Tem sido proposto que as oscilações na faixa de frequência β são evidenciadas durante a atividade sensório-motora.

Objetivo Investigar as alterações eletroencefalográficas influenciadas por exercícios aeróbio e resistido realizados em uma tarefa atencional analisando as diferenças da potência absoluta de β nas regiões pré-frontal e frontal antes, na preparação e depois do paradigma oddball em praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico.

Métodos Foram recrutados 15 praticantes de atividade física (idade 27 ± 4.71) e 15 não praticantes (idade 28 ± 1.50). Uma análise de variância (ANOVA) de duas vias foi implementada para observação do efeito principal e a interação entre os grupos e os momentos (repouso 1, pré-estímulo e repouso 2).

Resultados Uma interação entre os fatores grupo e momento para Fp1 (p < 0,001); Fp2 (p = 0,001); F7 (p < 0,001); F8 (p < 0,001); F3 (p < 0,001); Fz (p < 0,001); e F4 (p < 0,001) foi observada. Os achados eletrofisiológicos esclareceram a especificidade e a eficiência neural dos praticantes de exercício físico em cada subárea pré-frontal e frontal.

Conclusão Nossos achados promovem o entendimento atual dos processos cognitivos subjacentes ao exercício físico e acrescentam novas evidências sobre a relação exercício e atividade cortical.

Keywords

Exercise - Resistance Training - Executive Function - Frontal Lobe - Attention - Electroencephalography

Palavras-chave

Exercício Físico - Treinamento Resistido - Função Executiva - Lobo Frontal - Atenção - Eletroencefalografia

Authors' Contributions

MM: formal analysis, visualization, and writing – original draft; RF, GZ, CA: validation; AV: writing – review & editing; EC: validation; EN: conceptualization, formal analysis, visualization, and writing – original draft; MG, MO: validation; RV: data curation, investigation, validation, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing; ST, HB: validation; MC: formal analysis, methodology, software, and supervision; BV: conceptualization, methodology, project administration, and supervision; PR: conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, project administration, supervision, visualization, and writing – review & editing.


Editor-in-Chief: Hélio A. G. Teive.


Associate Editor: Luciano De Paola.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 16. Februar 2024

Angenommen: 19. Juli 2024

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
02. Oktober 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
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Bibliographical Record
Marcos Machado, Renato Fonseca, Giovanna Zanchetta, Carlos Amoroso, Alexandre Vasconcelos, Élida Costa, Eduardo Nicoliche, Mariana Gongora, Marco Orsini, Renan Vicente, Silmar Teixeira, Henning Budde, Mauricio Cagy, Bruna Velasques, Pedro Ribeiro. Absolute beta power in exercisers and nonexercisers in preparation for the oddball task. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82: s00441791518.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791518
 

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