Abstract
Background Abdominopelvic vascular and hollow viscus compression syndromes present unique challenges in radiological diagnosis, often requiring thorough exclusion of other pathologies. Recognizing these rare syndromes is essential for accurate differential diagnosis and timely treatment, reducing morbidity and mortality. This case series aims to share notable experiences in identifying unusual compression syndromes through radiological findings.
Case Reports Case 1: A 22-year-old male presented with postprandial epigastric discomfort and reflux, which was diagnosed as duodenal compression due to the mid portion of the third segment of the duodenum being compressed between the superior mesenteric vein and the aorta.
Case 2: A 47-year-old male with left loin pain revealed hydroureteronephrosis caused by smooth narrowing/kinking at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra, leading to obstruction and renal dysfunction. Case 3: A 15-year-old female with left lower limb swelling and pain was diagnosed with venous thrombosis in the left common iliac, external iliac, and common femoral veins due to giant fecal impaction.
Discussion These cases underscore the significance of recognizing vascular compression syndromes that mimic common clinical conditions. Case 1 highlights the rare compression of the duodenum, which may be mistaken for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Case 2 illustrates how vascular kinking can obstruct the urinary tract and cause hydroureteronephrosis. Case 3 emphasizes the role of fecal impaction in leading to venous thrombosis, a potentially overlooked complication. Prompt imaging and differential diagnosis are critical for proper management.
Conclusion These cases provide valuable insights into the recognition and management of abdominopelvic vascular and hollow viscus compression syndromes. Understanding these rare conditions allows for accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and improved patient outcomes. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge, aiding healthcare professionals in managing such complex clinical presentations.
Keywords
hollow viscus compressions - SMA syndrome - SMV syndrome - testicular vein syndrome - vascular compressions
