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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Revista Iberoamericana de Cirugía de la Mano 2024; 52(02): e86-e92
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1792170
Artículo Original | Original Article

Anatomical Description of the Pronator Quadratus Flap in the Colombian Population. Cadaveric Study

Article in several languages: español | English
Juan Felipe Gutierrez Pilonieta 
1   Universidad el Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
,
Nahala Fahed Aborashed Amador 
2   Centro Latinoamericano de Entrenamiento Médico e Investigación, Sopo, Cundinamarca
,
Camilo José Romero Barreto 
1   Universidad el Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
,
José de la Hoz 
1   Universidad el Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
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Abstract

Introduction There is an increase in the use of the pronator quadratus (PQ) as a functional flap for facial and upper limb reconstructions, predominantly based on the pedicle of the anterior interosseous artery and nerve. However, growing literature about the dimensions of the components of the flap, is scarce, especially in the Latin-American population. Therefore, the morphological description of the dimensions of the muscle, artery, nerve, and concomitant veins was carried out.

Materials and Methods Dissections were performed on 10 fresh cadaver upper extremities at CLEMI. Measurements and photographic material were taken of the dimensions of the muscle and neurovascular pedicle, for subsequent statistical analysis.

Results After statistical analysis, an average of 4.3 cm wide, 4.8 cm long, and 0.9 cm thick was established for the muscle. Regarding the anterior interosseous artery (AIA), an average length of 12.5 cm with proximal and distal diameters of 1.6 mm and 2.2 mm respectively, and anastomosis with the posterior interosseous artery (PIA) in 80% of cases. In relation to the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), it had an average length and diameter of 12.2 cm and 0.9 mm, respectively, with 9.8 cm from the branch of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) to the pronator quadratus and 13.7 cm from the wrist crease. A single vein was evident in 60% of cases with a diameter of 0.9 mm.

Conclusion A constant anatomy was observed in the pronator quadratus flap, with an artery, vein, and nerve of adequate length and diameter for easy anastomosis and neurorrhaphy. This was associated with low morbidity of the donor area, configuring it as a useful tool in the reconstructive process.

Keywords

pronator quadratus - anterior interosseous nerve - neurovascular pedicle - flap


Publication History

Received: 30 December 2023

Accepted: 06 September 2024

Article published online:
23 December 2024

© 2024. SECMA Foundation. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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