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Open Access
CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2025; 19(03): 749-757
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1795115
Original Article

Exploring the Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment Blood-Based Biomarkers after Local Antibiotic Periodontal Treatment in Diabetic Patients: Secondary Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Autor*innen

  • Aulia Ramadhani 

    1   Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
    2   Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

  • Azusa Tanaka

    3   Niigata Public Health and Sanitation Center, Niigata, Japan

  • Kumiko Minagawa

    1   Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

  • Sachiko Takehara

    1   Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

  • Takaho Yamada

    4   Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

  • Hirohito Sone

    4   Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

  • Noboru Kaneko

    1   Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

  • Kaname Nohno

    5   Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

  • Hiroshi Ogawa

    1   Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan

Funding This study was funded by KAKEN and Futoku Foundation Research Grant.
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Abstract

Objectives This article investigates the changes in blood-based biomarkers associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk in type 2 diabetic patients following local antibiotic periodontal treatment.

Materials and Methods A secondary analysis of data from a 24-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 27 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Participants received periodontal treatment biweekly from baseline until the 6th week of the study. Fourteen patients in intervention group received scaling with local antibiotic adjunct (Periofol 2%). The outcomes were periodontal inflammation score, which was measured using periodontal inflamed surface area, the inflammation markers levels (tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, and interleukin [IL]-6), and MCI risk score, which was assessed using protein plasma analysis through blood test. The evaluations were performed at baseline and week 24th in both groups. The changes in periodontal inflammation scores, inflammation parameters, and MCI risk in baseline and week 24th were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for within-group analysis and the Mann–Whitney U test was utilized for between-group analysis.

Results Periodontal parameters were improved in both groups (p < 0.05). IL-6, complement C3, and alpha-2-antiplasmin levels were significantly decreased in the intervention group (p < 0.05). In between-group comparisons, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups in apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein C1, and alpha-1-B glycoprotein levels in week 24th (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Even though the periodontal status showed significant improvement after being given local antibiotic periodontal treatment, the changes in MCI risk proteins plasma remained unclear.

Keywords

periodontitis - diabetes - mild cognitive impairment - periodontal treatment - inflammation


Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
30. Dezember 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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