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CC BY 4.0 · Yearb Med Inform 2024; 33(01): 006-017
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1800713
Special Section: Digital Health for Precision in Prevention
Survey

Precision Prevention: Using Data to Target the Right Intervention at the Right Intensity in the Right Community at the Right Time

Evelyn Gallego
1   EMI Advisors
,
Eugenia McPeek Hinz
2   Duke University Health System
,
Bria Massey
3   John Hopkins University
,
Elizabeth Cuervo Tilson
4   North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services
,
Jessica D. Tenenbaum
5   North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Duke University
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Summary

Objectives: This survey paper summarizes the recent trend of “Precision Prevention” in public health, focusing on significant developments in informatics to enable targeted prevention and improved public health.

Methods: Given relatively limited use of the term “Precision Prevention” in the literature to date, com-bined with significant developments in this space outside of peer reviewed literature, the topic was ill-suited for a systematic review approach. Instead, the co-authors used a narrative review approach, combining related search terms and complementary expertise to develop and refine sub-topics to be included. Each section was then written using a combination of prior knowledge and specific relevant search terms.

Results: The paper opens with an explanation of the term “precision prevention”, including its origins and relationship to other concepts such as precision medicine. It then provides an overview of types of data relevant to precision prevention, as well as how those data are collected in different contexts and through different modalities. The authors then describe the HL7 Gravity Project, a multi-stakeholder public collaborative project aimed at data standardization in the social determinants space. Finally, the authors present how those data types are used across the spectrum from clinical care to target outreach for human services, to data-driven health policy.

Conclusions: Precision prevention, targeting the right intervention to the right population at the right time, is now recognized as of vital importance, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic's spotlight on health disparities and societal consequences. Optimizing interventions targeted at different communities and populations will require novel and innovative collection, use, and dissemination of data, information, and knowledge. The talent and skills of the international informatics community are critical for success in this work.

Keywords

Public Health - Preventive Health - Social Determinants of Health - Population Health


Publication History

Article published online:
08 April 2025

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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