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Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2025; 29(02): 249-266
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1802652
Review Article

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Spondylarthritis

Dov Rosenbaum
1   Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2   Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Arthur B. Meyers
3   Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Patricia Vega-Fernandez
4   Department of Rheumatology, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Samuel Sisay Hailu
1   Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Carlos Yaya-Quezada
1   Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Jie C. Nguyen 
1   Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2   Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Abstract

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous disorder affecting children < 16 years of age. The clinical heterogeneity translates to imaging, where no specific joint is affected. This article highlights a general imaging approach to JIA, using specific examples of the knee, hand, and wrist as the typical joints affected. We then focus on unique joints that are commonly affected by JIA: the temporomandibular joint, the joints of the upper cervical spine, and the sacroiliac joint. For these latter anatomical sites, regional anatomy and development, location-specific imaging considerations, and arthritis, treatment decision making, and potential differential considerations are reviewed. We highlight, where applicable, a multimodal approach to imaging using developed or developing standardized scoring systems.

Keywords

children - imaging - juvenile idiopathic arthritis - pediatric - sacroiliac joint - spondylarthritis


Publication History

Article published online:
31 March 2025

© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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