PDF herunterladen
Open Access
CC BY 4.0 · Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1814746
Original Article

Real-World Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Oman: A Decade after ATA Guidelines

Autor*innen

  • Ibrahim Alali 

    1   Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Suhar Hospital, Ministry of Health, Suhar, Oman

  • Salem Algaithi 

    1   Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Suhar Hospital, Ministry of Health, Suhar, Oman

  • Ali Alreesi 

    1   Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Suhar Hospital, Ministry of Health, Suhar, Oman

  • Hamed Alreesi 

    2   Department of Studies and Research, Directorate General of Health Services-NBG, Ministry of Health, Suhar, Oman

Funding None.
Weitere Informationen
Auch verfügbar auf
  Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the study was to evaluate the application of the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) management in Oman and to identify predictors of excellent treatment response.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective cohort study included DTC patients followed at Suhar Hospital, Oman, between January 2018 and June 2024. Data on demographics, histopathology, treatment modalities, and follow-up outcomes were extracted from electronic health records. Patients were stratified into low, intermediate, and high risk based on the ATA guidelines, and treatment responses were categorized as excellent, biochemical incomplete, structural incomplete, or indeterminate.

Statistical Analysis

Descriptive statistics summarized baseline characteristics and treatment patterns. Comparative analyses used t-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. Logistic regression models identified predictors of excellent response, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated.

Results

A total of 178 DTC patients were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 38 years; 87.1% (n = 155) were females. The most common surgery was total thyroidectomy without neck dissection (56.7%, n = 101). The majority of patients (75.3%) were classified as low risk. Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy was administered to 69.1% of patients, including 61% of low-risk cases. At a median follow-up duration of 48 months (interquartile range [IQR], 24–84; range, 6–204), 61.2% achieved an excellent response, with significant improvement in outcomes over time, including a decrease in positive thyroglobulin antibodies from 15.2 to 5.1% (p = 0.001) and an increase in no evidence of disease on neck ultrasound from 89.2 to 93.8% (p = 0.071). Multivariate analysis identified younger age (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94–0.99), receipt of RAI (OR = 3.54; 95% CI: 1.56–8.00), and low-risk ATA stratification (OR = 5.15; 95% CI: 1.61–16.53) as significant predictors of excellent response.

Conclusions

This study highlights the frequent use of RAI in low-risk DTC patients in Oman, suggesting potential overtreatment. The identified predictors of excellent response can inform risk-adapted management strategies. Further research is needed to optimize DTC treatment in this population and align practices with international guidelines.

Keywords

differentiated thyroid cancer - American Thyroid Association guidelines - Oman - outcomes - radioactive iodine - thyroidectomy - risk stratification

Ethical Approval

The study was approved by the Suhar Hospital institutional review board (IRB Approval no.: MoH/CSR/25/30083). As a retrospective analysis with no direct patient contact, all data were anonymized. The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.


Authors' Contributions

I.A. contributed to study conception, data analysis, and manuscript drafting.

S.A.G. contributed to patient care and manuscript review.

H.A.R. contributed to the statistical analysis and drafting of the results section.

A.A.R. contributed to patient care and manuscript review.

All authors approved the final manuscript.


Data Availability

Data supporting the findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.




Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
20. Januar 2026

© 2026. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India