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Synthesis 1974; 1974(5): 309-327
DOI: 10.1055/s-1974-23305
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Base-Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Addition Reactions of Hydrocarbons

Herman PINES*
  • *The Ipatieff Catalytic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201, U.S.A.
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Publication Date:
12 September 2002 (online)

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Alkali metals or compounds of alkali metals and in some instances potassium t-butoxide have been found to be catalysts for the conversion of hydrocarbons and of related compounds. The present review deals with base-catalyzed addition reactions of hydrocarbons in which two or more hydrocarbon molecules can interact to form carbon-carbon addition compounds with or without hydride elimination. This review also includes intramolecular cyclization reactions of olefinic hydrocarbons. Base-catalyzed addition reactions resulting in the formation of macromolecules are not included in the present chapter. 1. Oligomerization of Olefins 1.1. Dimerization of Propene 1.2. Ethylation of Olefins 1.3. Reaction of Propene with Butenes 1.4. Dimerization of Isoprene 1.5. Dimerization of Styrenes 1.6. Dimerization of Dihydronaphthalene 2. Reaction of Alkylaromatic Compounds with Olefins 2.1. Ethylation of Alkylbenzenes 2.2. Ethylation of Alkylnaphthalenes 2.3. Propylation and Reaction with Higher Olefins 2.4. Alkenylation of Alkylaromatics 2.5. Aralkylation of Alkylaromatics 3. Nuclear Alkylation of Aromatics with Olefins 4. Cyclization Reactions 4.1. Olefins 4.2. Alkynes