Zusammenfassung.
Ziel: Evaluation der Sicherheit und Effektivität der MR-gestützten perkutanen Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) hepatischer Neoplasien. Material und Methoden: In einer prospektiven Studie wurden bei 11 Patienten mit 16 hepatischen Neoplasien (1,3 - 3,0 cm Durchmesser) 22 perkutane RFA durchgeführt. Die Platzierung MR-kompatibler perfundierter 16 G-Ablationssonden mit aktiven Längen von 2 und 3 cm erfolgte im offenen 0,2 Tesla MR-Tomographen (Magnetom Open, Siemens, Erlangen) mittels schneller T1-gewichteter Sequenzen. Voruntersuchungen, Evaluationen der Tumornekrose eine Woche nach jeder RFA sowie weitere Nachuntersuchungen im Abstand von jeweils drei Monaten erfolgten an 1,5 Tesla-MRT-Geräten. Ergebnisse: Die mittlere Interventionszeit betrug 2,8 (1,5 - 3,3) h. Verfahrensassoziierte Komplikationen traten nicht auf. 14/16 Tumoren (87 %) zeigten in der MRT nach letzter RFA keine KM-Aufnahme und wurden daher als komplett nekrotisch beurteilt. Bei 11 Tumoren waren hierzu eine, bei 4 Tumoren zwei und bei einem Tumor drei Behandlungen notwendig. Eine vollständige Nekrose verblieb in der MRT bei 13/14 (93 %) Tumoren über 3 - 18 (Median: 11,8) Monate. Bei 5 Patienten traten neue intrahepatische Tumoren auf, die einer RFA aufgrund von Anzahl, Größe und Lage nicht zugänglich waren. Schlussfolgerung: Die MRT-gestützte RFA mittels singulärer perfundierter Applikatoren ist ein sicheres und hinsichtlich des technischen Erfolges effektives Verfahren zur Behandlung hepatischer Tumoren bis zu 3 cm Größe. Weitere methodische Verbesserungen sind erforderlich.
MR-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatic Neoplasms.
Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of MR-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of hepatic neoplasms. Material and Methods: 16 hepatic neoplasms (1.3 - 3.0 cm in diameter) in 11 patients were treated by 22 percutaneous RFA sessions during a prospective study. 16 G, MR-compatible cooled-tip electrodes with active lengths of 2 cm and 3 cm, respectively, were placed under MR-guidance in an open 0.2 Tesla MR system (Magnetom Open, Siemens, Erlangen) using fast T1-weighted sequences. Pretreatment studies, evaluation of tumor necrosis (one week after last RFA), and further follow-up studies every 3 months were performed using 1.5 Tesla MR systems. Results: The mean procedure time was 2.8 (1.5 - 3.3) h. Complications related to percutaneous treatment were not encountered. 14 of 16 neoplasms (87 %) showed no CM enhancement during MRI after the last RFA and were judged to be completely necrotic. In 11 tumors one treatment session was necessary, in 4 tumors two and in one tumor three. Follow-up studies revealed persistent complete necrosis in 13 of 14 (93 %) tumors during a period of 3 - 18 (median: 11.8) months. In 5 patients new intrahepatic tumors developed that were not suitable for further RFA treatment because of their number, size and location. Conclusion: MR-guided RFA using single cooled tip electrodes is safe and technically effective for treatment of hepatic neoplasms up to 3 cm in size, however further improvements are necessary.
Schlüsselwörter:
Leber - Neoplasma - Radiofrequenz-Ablation - MRT - Interventionen
Key words:
Liver - Neoplasm - Radiofrequency - Ablation - MRI - Interventions
Literatur
-
1
Aronow S.
The use of radiofrequency power in making lesions in the brain.
J Neurosurg.
1960;
17
431-438
-
2
Rosenthal D I, Alexander A, Rosenberg A E, Springfield D.
Ablation of osteoid osteomas with a percutaneously placed electrode: A new procedure.
Radiology.
1992;
183
29-33
-
3
Rossi S, Fornari F, Buscarini L.
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided radiofrequency electrocautery for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma.
J Intervent Radiol.
1993;
8
97-103
-
4
Solbiati L, Ierace T, Goldberg S N, Sironi S, Livraghi T, Fiocca R, Servadio G, Rizzatto G, Mueller P R, Del Maschio A, Gazelle G S.
Percutaneous US-guided radio-frequency tissue ablation of liver metastases: treatment and follow-up in 16 patients.
Radiology.
1997;
202
195-203
-
5
Goldberg S N, Gazelle G S, Dawson S L, Rittman W J, Mueller P R, Rosenthal D I.
Tissue ablation with radio frequency: effect of probe size, gauge, duration and temperature on lesion volume.
Acad Radiol.
1995;
2
399-404
-
6
Rossi S, Di Stasi M, Buscarini E, Quaretti P, Garbagnati F, Squassante L, Paties C T, Silverman D E, Buscarini L.
Percutaneous RF interstitial thermal ablation in the treatment of hepatic cancer.
Am J Roentgenol.
1996;
169
759-769
-
7
Solbiati L, Goldberg S N, Ierace T, Livraghi T, Meloni F, Dellanoce M, Sironi S, Gazelle G S.
Hepatic metastasis: percutaneous radio-frequency ablation with cooled-tip electrodes.
Radiology.
1997;
205
367-373
-
8
Trübenbach J, Huppert P E, Pereira P L, Ruck P, Claussen C D.
Radiofrequenz Ablation der Leber in vitro: Erhöhte Effektivität durch Perfusionselektroden.
Fortschr Röntgenstr.
1997;
167
633-637
-
9
Goldberg S N, Solbiati L, Hahn P F, Cosman E, Conrad J E, Fogle R, Gazelle G S.
Large-volume tissue ablation with radiofrequency by using a clustered, internally cooled electrode technique: laboratory and clinical experience in liver metastases.
Radiology.
1998;
209
371-379
-
10
Livraghi T, Goldberg S H, Lazzaroni S, Meloni F, Ierace T, Solbiati L, Gazelle G S.
Hepatocellular carcinoma: radio-frequency ablation of medium and large lesions.
Radiology.
2000;
214
761-768
-
11
Livraghi T, Goldberg S N, Monti F, Bizzini A, Lazzaroni S, Meloni F, Pellicano S, Solbiati L, Gazelle G S.
Saline-enhanced radio-frequency tissue ablation in the treatment of liver metastasis.
Radiology.
1997;
202
205-210
-
12
Rossi S, Di Stasi M, Buscarini E, Cavanna L, Quaretti P, Squassante L, Garbagnati F, Buscarini L.
Percutaneous interstitial thermal ablation in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma.
Cancer J Sci Am.
1995;
1
73-81
-
13
Hagspiel K D, Kandarpa K, Jolesz F A.
Interventional MR imaging.
JVIR.
1997;
8
745-758
-
14
Lewin J S, Connell C F, Duerk J L, Chung J C, Clampitt M E, Spisak J, Gazelle G S, Haaga J R.
Interactive MR-guided radiofrequency interstitial thermal ablation of abdominal tumors: clinical trial for the evaluation of safety and feasibility.
J Magn Reson Imaging.
1998;
8
40-47
-
15
Zhang Q, Chung Y C, Lewin J S, Duerk J L.
A method for simultaneous RF ablation and MRI.
JMRI.
1998;
8
110-114
-
16
Stangl R, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Charnley R M, Scheele J.
Factors influencing the natural history of colorectal liver metastases.
Lancet.
1994;
343
1405-1410
-
17
Steele G, Ravikumar T S.
Resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, biologic perspective.
Ann Surg.
1989;
210
127-138
-
18
Ravikumar T S.
Interstitial therapies for liver tumors.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am.
1996;
5
365-377
-
19
Lorentzen T.
A cooled needle electrode for radiofrequency tissue ablation: thermodynamic aspects of improved performance compared with conventional design.
Acad Radiol.
1996;
3
556-563
-
20
Goldberg S N, Gazelle G S, Solbiati L, Rittman W J, Mueller P R.
Radiofrequency tissue ablation: increased diameter with a perfusion electrode.
Acad Radiol.
1996;
3
636-644
-
21
Anzai Y, Lufkin R, De Salles A, Hamilton D R, Farahani K, Black K L.
Preliminary experience with MR-guided thermal ablation of brain tumors.
Am J Neuroradiol.
1995;
16
39-48
-
22
Vogl T J, Weinhold N, Mack M G, Müller P L, Scholz W R, Straub R, Roggan A, Felix R.
Verifizierung der MR-Thermometrie mittels in vivo intraläsionaler, fluoroptischer Temperaturmessung für die laserinduzierte Thermotherapie von Lebermetastasen.
Fortschr Röntgenstr.
1998;
169
182-188
-
23
Solbiati L, Goldberg S N, Ierace T, Livraghi T, Dellanoce M, Gazelle G S.
RF ablation of colorectal metastases: does three year survival approach that of surgical resection?.
Radiology.
1999;
213(P)
122
-
24
Curley S A, Izzo F, Delrio P, Ellis L M, Granchi Jvallone P, Fiore F, Pignata S, Daniele B, Cremona F.
Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable primary and metastatic hepatic malignancies.
Ann Surg.
1999;
230
1-8
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. P. Huppert
Institut für Strahlendiagnostik und Nuklearmedizin
Klinikum Darmstadt
Grafenstraße 9
64283 Darmstadt
Telefon: 06151-1076750
Fax: 06151-1076849
eMail: PeterHuppert@t-online.de