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DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-8256
Die Mediastinoskopie beim Staging des Bronchialkarzinoms - eine kritische Bewertung[1]
Publication History
Publication Date:
31 December 2000 (online)
Zusammenfassung:
Hintergrund: Die Mediastinoskopie hat eine hohe Sensitivität für das Lymphknotenstaging und eine Spezifität von 100 %. Der Nachteil der Invasivität ist damit gegenüber bildgebenden Methoden wie CT oder PET gerechtfertigt. Obwohl in vielen Studien Sensitivität, Komplikationen und Kosten erfasst wurden, sind über interindividuelle Abweichungen, bezogen auf den Operateur, keine Daten publiziert. Methode: Zwischen 6/98 und 12/99 wurden in einer prospektiven Untersuchung die biopsierten Lymphknotenstationen erfasst und die histopathologischen Ergebnisse der Mediastinoskopie und nachfolgenden Operation, bezogen auf 6 Operateure, korreliert. Aus den Daten wurde die Sensitivität der Mediastinoskopie für das präoperative Lymphknotenstaging ermittelt. Ergebnisse: Bei 165 Mediastinoskopien betrug die Sensitivität 80,6 %. Pro Patient wurden 4,1 Lymphknoten biopsiert. Ein erheblicher Unterschied des individuellen Biopsiemusters zwischen Chirurgen wurde bei gleicher operateurspezifischer Sensitivität beobachtet. Die Station 7 wurde in 15,2 % - 90,9 % und die Station 2 links in 39,4 % - 84,4 % erreicht, während die Station 4 von allen Operateuren einheitlich biopsiert wurde. Schlussfolgerungen: Der Faktor „Operateur” ist zu vernachlässigen, wenn eine ausreichend große Anzahl von Lymphknotenstationen biopsiert wird. Trotz individueller Biopsietechnik hat die Mediastinoskopie im Vergleich zum CT eine höhere Sensitivität und bleibt Methode der Wahl des präoperativen Stagings. Eine interne Qualitätskontrolle in thoraxchirurgischen Abteilungen ist wünschenswert.
Mediastinoscopy in the Staging of Bronchial Carcinoma - A Critical Assessment:
Background: Mediastinoscopy has a high sensitivity for lymph node staging with a specificity of 100 %. This compensates the disadvantage of being an invasive procedure compared to CT and PET scan. Although many studies examined the sensitivity, rate of complications and costs no data have been published concerning interindividual differences in relation to the surgeon performing the operation. Methods: From 6/98 to 12/99 in a prospective study all biopsied lymph nodes were documented. Histopathologic results of mediastinoscopy and the following operation were correlated with the 6 participating surgeons. From these data the sensitivity of mediastinoscopy for preoperative lymph node staging was analysed. Results: Analysis of 165 mediastinoscopies showed an overall sensitivity of 80.6 %. 4.1 lymph nodes were biopsied per patient. Substantial differences were noted for individual biopsy patterns between surgeons, but surgeon-related sensitivity was similar. Lymph nodes 7 were reached in 15.2 % to 90.9 % and 2 left in 39.4 % to 84.4 %, whereas lymph nodes 4 were biopsied at similar rates by all surgeons. Conclusion: The variable “surgeon” can be neglected if a sufficient number of lymph nodes is biopsied. Despite individual biopsy patter mediastinoscopy has a higher sensitivity than CT scan and is still the method for choice of preoperative staging. Internal quality control in thoracic surgery departments is desirable.
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1 Herrn PD Dr. med. H.-N. Macha zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet
Dr. med G Leschber
Abt. f. Thoraxchirurgie Lungenklinik Hemer
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