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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-12640
Verträglichkeit des selektiven Cyclooxygenase-2-Inhibitors Rofecoxib bei Intoleranz gegenüber nicht-steroidalen Antiphlogistika
Tolerability of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (Rofecoxib) in patients with pseudoallergic reactions to nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugsPublication History
Publication Date:
31 December 2001 (online)
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Intoleranzreaktionen auf nicht-steroidale Antiphlogistika sind häufig und basieren auf der Hemmung des Enzyms Cyclooxygenase-1, wohingegen deren therapeutische Effekte auf einer Cyclooxygenase-2-Inhibition beruhen. In dieser Studie wurde die Verträglichkeit des selektiven Cyclooxygenase-2-Inhibitors Rofecoxib bei Patienten mit Intoleranzreaktionen auf nicht-steroidale Antiphlogistika untersucht.
Patienten und Methodik: Bei 37 Patienten (12 Männer, 25 Frauen, mittleres Alter 35 Jahre [15 - 75 Jahre]) mit Intoleranzreaktionen auf nicht-steroidale Antiphlogistika wurden standardisierte Hauttestungen (Prick, Scratch, Epikutantestung) sowie anschließend orale fraktionierte Placebo-kontrollierte einfach blinde Expositionstestungen mit Rofecoxib durchgeführt (maximale Einzeldosis 12,5 mg, kumulative Tagesdosis 25 mg).
Ergebnisse: 23 Patienten wiesen Hautsymptome auf, viermal waren lediglich Atemwegssymptome eruierbar, Symptome der Haut und der Atemwege fanden sich bei zehn Patienten. Acetylsalicylsäure war der häufigste Auslöser für eine Analgetika-Intoleranz (n = 28). In neun Fällen verursachten mehrere nicht-steroidale Antiphlogistika chemisch unterschiedlicher Gruppen eine Intoleranz-Symptomatik. Sämtliche Hauttestungen verliefen negativ. Die orale fraktionierte Provokationstestung mit Rofecoxib verlief bei allen 37 Patienten unauffällig.
Folgerungen: Vor dem Hintergrund der hohen Inzidenz von Intoleranzreaktionen gegen nicht-steroidale Antiphlogistika stellt der Einsatz selektiver Cyclooxygenase-2-Inhibitoren eine therapeutische Alternative sowie eine geeignete Maßnahme zur Prävention entsprechender Reaktionen dar.
Tolerability of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (Rofecoxib) in patients with pseudoallergic reactions to nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs
Background and objective: Pseudoallergic reactions triggered by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are common and caused by inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-1, whereas their therapeutic effects are mediated by inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2. This study analyzed the tolerability of the selective cyclooxygenase-2-inhibitor rofecoxib in patients who encountered pseudoallergic reactions to NSAIDs.
Patients and methods: 37 patients (12 males, 25 females, mean age 35 years [15 - 75 years]) with a history of pseudoallergic reactions to NSAIDs underwent standardized skin prick, scratch and patch tests along with oral placebo-controlled blinded exposure to rofecoxib (maximum single dose 12,5 mg, cumulative dose 25 mg).
Results: 23 patients had skin reactions, 4 times respiratory sym-ptoms were ducumented, and in 10 cases cutaneous as well as respiratory symptoms were reported. Salicylic acid was identified as the most common trigger for a pseudoallergic reaction (n = 28). In 9 cases several non-steroidal antiphlogistics of different chemical groups caused symptoms. All skin tests showed negative results. Oral challenge with rofecoxib was tolerated by all 37 patients without adverse effects.
Conclusion: Given the high incidence of pseudoallergic reactions to NSAIDs the use of selective cyclooxygenase-2-inhibitors represents a therapeutic alternative as well as a means of prevention of the described reactions.
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Korrespondenz
Prof. Dr. Wolf-Henning Boehncke
Zentrum der Dermatologie und Venerologie Universitätsklinikum
Frankfurt am Main
Theodor-Stern-Kai 7
60590 Frankfurt
Phone: 069/63015743
Fax: 069/63015117
Email: Boehncke@em.uni-frankfurt.de