PDF herunterladen
Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2001; 14(1): 069-080
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-13136
Copyright © 2001 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.: +1(212) 584-4662

Small Bowel Obstruction

Tracey Arnell, Michael J. Stamos
  • Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
31. Dezember 2001 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
    Lizenzen und Reprints

ABSTRACT

Small bowel obstruction is a significant problem for surgeons. Patient evaluation allows accurate and timely diagnosis. Appropriate management includes nonoperative and operative measures. Ongoing research into prevention methods holds the best hope of future improvements in adhesions and their resulting bowel obstruction.

KEYWORD

Small bowel - obstruction - adhesions

REFERENCES

  • 1 Bevan P G. Adhesive obstruction.  Ann R Coll Surg Engl . 1984;  66 164-169
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 2 Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon P H. Etiology of small bowel obstruction.  Am J Surg . 2000;  180 33-36
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 3 Cox M R, Gunn I F, Eastman M C. The operative aetiology and types of adhesions causing small bowel obstructions.  Aust NZ J Med . 1993;  63 848-852
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 4 Zbar R IS, Crede W B, Mclehann C F. The postoperative incidence of small bowel obstruction following standard, open appendectomy and cholecystectomy: a 6 year retrospective cohort study at Yale New Haven Hospital.  Conn Med . 1993;  57 123-127
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 5 Menzies D, Ellis H. Intestinal obstruction from adhesions. How big is the problem?.  Ann R Coll Surg Engl . 1990;  72 60-63
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 6 Weibel M, Majno A G. Peritoneal adhesions and their relation to abdominal surgery. A postmortem study.  Am J Surg . 1973;  126 345-353
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 7 Nieuwenhuijzen M, Reijnen M M, Kuijpers J H, van Goor H. Small bowel obstruction after total or subtotal colectomy: a 10-year retrospective review.  Br J Surg . 1998;  85 1242-1245
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 8 Matter I, Khalemsky L, Abrahamson J. Does the index operation influence the course and outcome of adhesive intestinal obstruction?.  Eur J Surg . 1997;  163 767-772
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 9 Ellis H, Moran B J, Thompson J N. Adhesion-related hospital readmissions after abdominal and pelvic surgery: a retrospective cohort study.  Lancet . 1999;  353 1456-1457
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 10 Ray N F, Denton W G, Thamer M. Abdominal adhesiolysis: inpatient care and expenditures in the U.S  J Am Coll Surg . 1998;  186 1-9
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 11 Shatila A H, Chamberlain B E, Webb W R. Current status of diagnosis and management of strangulation obstruction of the small bowel.  Am J Surg . 1976;  132 299-303
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 12 Bass K N, Jones B, Bulkley G B. Current management of small-bowel obstruction.  Adv Surg . 1998;  31 1-34
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 13 Welch J P. Bowel Obstruction: Differential Diagnosis and Clinical Management.  Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1990
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 14 Richards W O, Williams L F. Obstruction of the large and small intestine.  Surg Clin North Am . 1988;  68 355-376
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 15 Sarr M G, Bulkley G B, Zuidema G D. Preoperative recognition of intestinal strangulation obstruction: prospective evaluation of diagnostic capability.  Am J Surg . 1983;  145 176-182
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 16 Much P. Small intestinal obstruction.  Surg Clin North Am . 1987;  67 597-620
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 17 Shrake P D, Rex D K, Lappas J C, Maglinte D DT. Radiographic evaluation of suspected small-bowel obstruction.  Am J Gastroenterol . 1991;  86 175-178
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 18 Sandikcioglu T G, Torp-Madsen S, Pedersen I K. Contrast radiography in small bowel obstruction. A randomized trial of barium sulfate and a nonionic low-osmolar contrast medium.  Acta Radiol . 1994;  35 62-64
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 19 Anderson C A, Humphrey W T. Contrast radiography in small bowel obstruction; a prospective, randomized trial.  Military Med . 1997;  162 749-752
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 20 Ericksen A S, Krasna M J, Mast B A. Use of gastrointestinal contrast studies in obstruction of the small and large bowel.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1990;  33 56-64
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 21 Chung C C, Meng W CS, Yu S CH. A prospective study on the use of water-soluble contrast follow-through radiology in the management of small bowel obstruction.  Aust NZ J Surg . 1996;  66 598-601
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 22 Chen S C, Lin F Y, Lee P H. Water-soluble contrast study predicts the need for early surgery in adhesive small bowel obstruction.  Br J Surg . 1998;  85 1692-1694
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 23 Blackmon S, Lucius C, Wilson J P. The use of water-soluble contrast in evaluating clinically equivocal small bowel obstructions.  Am Surg . 2000;  66 238-244
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 24 Feigin E, Seror D, Szold A. Water-soluble contrast material has no therapeutic effect on postoperative small-bowel obstruction: results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial.  Am J Surg . 1996;  171 227-229
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 25 Balthazar E J, Lieveskin M E, Macari M. Intestinal ischemia in patients in whom small bowel obstruction is suspected: evaluation of accuracy, limitations, and clinical implications of CT in diagnosis.  Radiology . 1997;  205 519-522
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 26 Ha H K, Kim J S, Lee M S. Differentiation of simple and strangulated small-bowel obstructions: usefulness of known CT criteria.  Radiology . 1997;  204 507-512
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 27 Makita O, Ikushima I, Matsumoto N. CT differentiation between necrotic and nonnecrotic small bowel in closed loop and strangulating obstruction.  Abdom Imag . 1999;  24 120-124
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 28 Frager D, Baer J W, Medwid S W. Detection of intestinal ischemia in patients with acute small-bowel obstruction due to adhesions or hernia: efficacy of CT.  AJR . 1996;  166 67-71
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 29 Donckier V, Closset J, Van Gansbeke D. Contribution of computed tomography to decision making in the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction.  Br J Surg . 1998;  85 1071-1074
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 30 Peck J J, Milleson T, Phelan J. The role of computed tomography with contrast and small bowel follow-through in management of small bowel obstruction.  Am J Surg . 1999;  177 375-378
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 31 Daneshmand S, Hedley C, Stain S C. The utility and reliability of computed tomography scan in the diagnosis of small bowel obstruction.  Am Surg . 1999;  65 922-926
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 32 Osteen R T, Guyton S, Steele G, Wilson R E. Malignant intestinal obstruction.  Surg . 1980;  87 611-615
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 33 Taorel P G, Fabre J M, Pradel J A. Value of CT in the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected acute small-bowel obstruction.  AJR . 1995;  165 1187-1192
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 34 Ogata M, Mateer J R, Condon R E. Prospective evaluation of abdominal sonography for the diagnosis of bowel obstruction.  Ann Surg . 1996;  223 237-241
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 35 Suri S, Gupta S, Sudhakar P J. Comparative evaluation of plain films, ultrasound and CT in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction.  Acta Radiol . 1999;  40 422-428
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 36 Regan F, Beall D P, Bohlman M E. Fast MR imaging and the detection of small-bowel obstruction.  AJR . 1998;  170 1465-1469
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 37 Lee J K, Marcos H B, Semelka R C. MR imaging of the small bowel using the HASTE sequence.  AJR . 1998;  170 1457-1463
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 38 Pickleman J, Lee R M. The management of patients with suspected early postoperative small bowel obstruction.  Ann Surg . 1989;  210 216-219
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 39 Brolin R E. The role of gastrointestinal tube decompression in the treatment of mechanical intestinal obstruction.  Am Surg . 1983;  49 131-137
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 40 Wolfson P J, Bauer J J, Gelernt I M. Use of the long tube in the management of patients with small-intestinal obstruction due to adhesions.  Arch Surg . 1984;  120 1001-1006
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 41 Fleshner P R, Siegman M G, Slater G I. A prospective, randomized trial of short versus long tubes in adhesive small bowel obstruction.  Am J Surg . 1995;  170 366-370
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 42 Brolin R E, Krasna M J, Mast B A. Use of tubes and radiographs in the management of small bowel obstruction.  Ann Surg . 1987;  206 126-133
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 43 Gittes G K, Nelson M T, Debas H T, Mulvihill S J. Improvement in survival of mice with proximal small bowel obstruction treated with octreotide.  Am J Surg . 1992;  163 231-233
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 44 Bastounis E, Hadjinikolaou L, Ioannou N. Somatostatin as adjuvant therapy in the management of obstructive ileus.  Hepatogastroenterology . 1989;  36 538-539
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 45 Mangili G, Franchi M, Mariani A. Octreotide in the management of bowel obstruction in terminal ovarian cancer.  Gynecol Oncol . 1996;  61 345-348
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 46 Fabri P J, Rosemurgy A. Reoperation for small intestinal obstruction.  Surg Clin North Am . 1991;  71 131-146
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 47 Fevang B T, Fevang J, Stangeland L, Soreide O, Svanes K, Viste A. Complications and death after surgical treatment of small bowel obstruction. A 35-year institutional experience.  Ann Surg . 2000;  231 529-537
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 48 Bizer L S, Liebling R W, Delany H M. Small bowel obstruction. The role of nonoperative treatment in simple intestinal obstruction and predictive criteria for strangulation obstruction.  Surgery . 1981;  89 407-413
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 49 Shatila A H, Chamberlain B E, Webb W R. Current status of diagnosis and management of strangulation obstruction of the small bowel.  Am J Surg . 1976;  132 299-303
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 50 Van der Krabben A A, Dijkstra F R, Nieuwenhuijzen M, Reijnen M P J M, Schaapveld M. Morbidity and mortality of inadvertent enterotomy during adhesiotomy.  Br J Surg . 2000;  87 467-471
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 51 Fredell H C. Enterotomy during the surgical treatment of small bowel obstruction.  Complicat Surg . 1994;  12 468-471
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 52 Bokey E L, Keating J P, Zelas P. Hydrodissection: an easy way to dissect anatomical planes and complex adhesions.  Aust NZ J Surg . 1997;  67 643-644
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 53 Bulkley G, Zuidema G, Hamilton S. Intraoperative determination of small intestinal viability following ischemic injury.  Ann Surg . 1981;  193 628-637
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 54 Horgan P G, Gorey T F. Operative assessment of intestinal viability.  Surg Clin North Am . 1992;  72 143-155
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 55 Golub R, Golub R W, Cantu R, Stein H D. A multivariate analysis of factors contributing to leakage of intestinal anastomosis.  J Am Coll Surg . 1997;  184 364-372
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 56 Reissman P, Wexner, S D. Laparoscopic surgery for intestinal obstruction.  Surg Endosc . 1995;  9 865-868
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 57 Navez B, Arimont J M, Guiot P. Laparoscopic approach in acute small bowel obstruction. A review of 68 patients.  Hepato-Gastroenterology . 1998;  45 2146-2150
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 58 Ibrahim I M, Wolodiger F, Sussman B, Kahn M, Silvestri F, Sabar A. Laparoscopic management of acute small-bowel obstruction.  Surg Endosc . 1996;  10 1012-1015
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 59 Bailey I S, Rhodes M, O'Rourke N O, Nathanson L, Fielding G. Laparoscopic management of acute small bowel obstruction.  Br J Surg . 1998;  85 84-87
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 60 Menzies D. Peritoneal adhesions. Incidence and cause and prevention.  Ann Surg . 1992;  24 29-45
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 61 DeZerega G S. Contemporary adhesion prevention.  Fertil Steril . 1994;  61 219-235
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 62 Noble T B. Plication of small intestine as prophylaxis against adhesions.  Am J Surg . 1937;  35 41-44
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 63 Childs W A, Philips R B. Experience with interplication and a proposed modification.  Am Surg . 1960;  152 258-265
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 64 McCarthy J D. Further experience with the Childs-Phillips plication operation.  Am J Surg . 1975;  130 15-19
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 65 Baker J W. A long jejunostomy tube for decompressing intestinal obstruction.  SGO . 1959;  109 519-520
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 66 Weigelt J A, Snyder W H, Norman J L. Complications and results of the 160 Baker tube plications.  Am J Surg . 1980;  140 810-815
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 67 Close M B, Christensen N M. Transmesenteric small bowel plication or intraluminal tube stenting. Indications and contraindications.  Am J Surg . 1979;  138 89-96
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 68 Nishimura K, Nakamura R M, diZerga G S. Ibuprofen inhibition of postsurgical adhesion formation: a time and dose response biochemical evaluation in rabbits.  J Surg Res . 1984;  36 115-124
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 69 Becker J M, Beck D E, Dayton M T. Prevention of post-operative abdominal adhesions by a sodium hyaluronate based bioresorbable membrane: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.  J Am Coll Surg . 1996;  183 197-306
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 70 Muzii L, Marana R, Brunetti L, Margulti F, Vacca M, Mancuso S. Postoperative adhesion prevention with low-dose aspirin: effect through the selective inhibition of thromboxane production.  Hum Repro . 1998;  13 1486-1489
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 71 James D CO, Ellis H, Hugh T B. The effect of streptokinase on experimental intraperitoneal adhesion formation.  J Pathol Bacteriol . 1965;  90 279-287
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 72 Menzies D, Ellis H. Intraabdominal adhesions and their prevention by topical tissue plasminogen activator.  JR Soc Med . 1989;  82 534-535
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 73 Nagler A, Riukind A I, Raphael J, Levi-Schaffer F, Genina O, Lavelin I, Pines M. Halofuginone-an inhibitor of collagen type I synthesis-prevents postoperative formation of abdominal adhesions.  Ann Surg . 1998;  227 575-582
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 74 Beck D E. The role of Seprafilm bioresorbable membrane in adhesion prevention.  Eur J Surg Suppl . 1997;  577 49-55
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 75 Lindenberg S, Lauritsen J G. Prevention of peritoneal adhesion formation by fibrin sealant. An experimental study in rats.  Ann Chir Gynecol . 1984;  73 11-13
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 76 de Virgilio C, Elbassir M, Hidalgo A, Schaber B, French S, Amin S, Stabile B E. Fibrin glue reduces the severity of intra-abdominal adhesions in a rat model.  Am J Surg . 1999;  178 577-580
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 77 Wiseman D M, Trout J R, Franklin R R, Diamond M P. Metaanalysis of the safety and efficacy of an adhesion barrier (Interceed TC7) in laparotomy.  J Reprod Med . 1999;  44 325-331
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 78 The Surgical Membrane Study Group. Prophylaxis of pelvic sidewall adhesions with Gore-Tex surgical membrane: a multicenter clinical investigation.  Fertil Steril . 1991;  57 921-923
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 79 Nagelschmidt M, Saad S. Influence of polyethylene glycol 4000 and dextran 70 on adhesion formation in rats.  J Surg Res . 1997;  67 113-118
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 80 Wiseman D M, Trout J R, Diamond M P. The rates of adhesion development and the effects of crystalloid solutions on adhesion development in pelvic surgery.  Fertil Steril . 1998;  70 702-711
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 81 Duffy D M, diZerega G S. Is peritoneal closure necessary?.  Obstet Gynecol Surv . 1994;  49 817-822
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 82 Hunt T K, Slavin J P, Goodson W H. Starch powder contamination of surgical wounds.  Arch Surg . 1994;  129 825-827
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 83 Hooker G D, Taylor B M, Driman D K. Prevention of adhesion formation with use of sodium hyaluronate based bioresorbable membrane in a rat model of ventral hernia repair with polypropylene mesh-a randomized, controlled study.  Surg . 1995;  125 211-216
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar