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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-15829
MRT und MRS nach Silikonaufbau der weiblichen Brust
MRI and MRS in patients with silicon implants of the breastPublication History
Publication Date:
31 December 2001 (online)
Zusammenfassung.
In dieser Übersicht wird die Evaluation der weiblichen Brust nach Aufbau mit Silikonmammaprothesen mittels MR-Techniken vorgestellt. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Defektdiagnostik, d. h. dem Nachweis des so genannten „Gelblutens”, der intra- und der extrakapsulären Ruptur. Daneben wird auf die MR-Detektion von Silikonomen (abgekapseltes Silikon) und deren Abgrenzung von einem Malignom eingegangen und das typische MR-Erscheinungsbild von chronischer Fremdkörperreaktion vorgestellt. „Gelbluten” ist mittels MR-Bildgebung (MRT) allein nicht zuverlässig zu diagnostizieren. Für die intrakapsuläre Ruptur ist das so genannte „Linguini-Zeichen” das einzig verlässliche Zeichen. Der Nachweis von Silikon außerhalb der Prothesenkapsel beweist eine extrakapsuläre Ruptur. Der MR-spektroskopische Nachweis von Silikon im Lebergewebe stützt bei kurzer Implantationszeit und unauffälliger MRT die Diagnose eines ausgedehnten „Gelblutens” und bei langer Implantationszeit von mehr als 10 Jahren und fehlendem „Linguini-Zeichen” die Diagnose einer Ruptur durch eine aufgelöste Implantathülle. Die MR hat im Vergleich zu anderen Bildgebungsmodalitäten die höchste Sensitivität und Spezifität in der Diagnostik von Implantatdefekten. Aus Kostengründen sollte die MR allerdings nicht als Screeningmethode, sondern vor allem bei sonographischem Verdacht auf Ruptur oder bei Zustand nach radikaler Mastektomie und Aufbauplastik zum Einsatz kommen. In diesen Fällen stellt die MRT die Untersuchungsmodalität der Wahl dar.
MRI and MRS in patients with silicon implants of the breast.
This paper reviews the evaluation of the breast of women by MR-techniques after implantation with silicon gel protheses. The main topics are the diagnosis of implant defects such as extensive “gel bleed” and intra- and extracapsular ruptures. Moreover, the MR-detection of siliconomas (encapsulated silicone) and differentiation from malignomas as well as MR-features of chronic foreign body reactions are presented. “Gel bleed” is difficult to diagnose unambiguously by MRI alone. The “linguini” sign is the only reliable mans to diagnose intracapsular ruptures. The presence of silicone outside the implant capsule indicates extracapsular rupture. The MR-spectroscopic detection of silicone in the liver suggests after short implantation times and a normal MR scan the diagnosis “gel bleed”, and after longer implantation times of more than 10 years and missing “linguini” sign the diagnosis of ruptures due to a dissolved shell of the implant. MRI, in comparison to other imaging modalities, has the highest specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of implant defects. Due to its high costs, however, MR is not suitable as a screening tool and should only be used in cases of sonographic suspected rupture or after radical mastectomy. In these cases MRI is the method of choice.
Schlüsselwörter:
MR-Tomographie - Mamma - Silikonmammaprothesen - Mammatumor - MR-Protonen-Spektroskopie - Leber
Key words:
MR-Imaging - Breast - Silicone breast protheses - Breast tumour - MR-Proton spectroscopy - Liver
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Priv. Doz. Dr. Bettina Pfleiderer
Institut für Klinische Radiologie
Universität Münster
Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 33
48129 Münster
Phone: 0251-83-56153
Fax: 0251-83-56145
Email: pfleide@uni-muenster.de