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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-16848
Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Clinical Outcome of Patients with Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia and an Initial Leukaemic Blood Blast Count of Less than 1000 per Microliter
Therapieergebnis bei Kindern mit akuter lymphoblastischer Leukämie und initialen peripheren Blastenzahlen von weniger als 1000 pro MikroliterPublication History
Publication Date:
29 August 2001 (online)
Summary.
Background: One of the strongest predictive factors for therapy outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), treated according to ALL-BFM protocols, is the response to initial prednisone treatment. Prednisone response is characterized by the peripheral leukaemic blast count. The threshold value for the characterisation as good or poor prednisone response is 1000 blasts/μl on day eight of initial prednisone treatment. It is frequently being discussed, whether patients with ALL that initially present with < 1000 blasts/μl and still show < 1000 blasts/μl by day eight of treatment, have the same therapy outcome as prednisone good-responders with initially ≥ 1000 blasts/μl. Patients and methods: We evaluated all patients included in the ALL-BFM 90 study showing good prednisone response. This group included 660 patients presenting with < 1000 blasts/μl at diagnosis. We compared these patients with the prednisone good-responders that initially presented with ≥ 1000 blasts/μl. In addition we analysed all patients who showed an increasing blast count within the threshold of 1000 blasts/μl by day eight of treatment. Results: Children presenting with ALL and < 1000 blasts/μl at diagnosis showed a small but significantly better outcome than prednisone good-responders with initially ≥ 1000 blasts/μl (5 year pEFS 0.86 vs. 0.81, P value 0.0064). If analyzed by treatment group, no significant differences were found. Patients with < 1000 blasts/μl on day eight of treatment but increasing blast count from diagnosis until day eight did not perform worse. Conclusion: The prognostic value of the prednisone response is not restricted to childhood ALL patients presenting with ≥ 1000 blasts/μl at diagnosis, but retains its strength as a strong predictor of treatment outcome also in patients with < 1000 blasts/μl at diagnosis.
Hintergrund: In den ALL-BFM-Studien zur Behandlung der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie (ALL) im Kindesalter hat sich der Prednison-Response als einer der stärksten prognostischen Faktoren für das Therapieergebnis erwiesen. Der Prednison-Response wird durch die Anzahl der peripheren leukämischen Blasten am achten Tag der Therapie charakterisiert. Zur Klassifizierung des Prednison-Response in Good-Responder oder Poor-Responder wird die absolute leukämische Blastenzahl benutzt (< 1000/μl oder ≥ 1000/μl am Therapietag 8). Eine häufig diskutierte Frage betrifft die prognostische Wertigkeit des Prednison-Response in den ALL-Patienten, die schon initial < 1000 Blasten/μl im peripheren Blut zeigen und auch am achten Therapietag < 1000 Blasten/μl aufweisen. Patienten und Methoden: Alle Patienten mit Prednison-Good-Response aus der Therapiestudie ALL-BFM 90 wurden evaluiert. Diese Gruppe beinhaltete 660 Patienten, die bereits bei Diagnosestellung < 1000 periphere Blasten/μl aufwiesen. Solche Patienten wurden bezüglich des Therapieergebnisses mit jenen verglichen, die einen Prednison-Good-Response zeigten, jedoch initial mehr als ≥ 1000 periphere Blasten/μl hatten. Weiterhin analysierten wir die Patienten, die innerhalb der ersten Therapiewoche einen Blastenanstieg zeigten, der jedoch die Grenze von 1000 Blasten/μl am Therapietag 8 nicht überschritt. Ergebnisse: ALL-Patienten mit < 1000 Blasten/μl bei Diagnosestellung zeigten ein geringfügig besseres Therapieergebnis im Vergleich zu Prednison-Good-Respondern mit initial ≥ 1000 Blasten/μl (5-Jahres-pEFS 0,86 vs. 0,81, p=0,0064). In einer stratifizierten Analyse innerhalb der Risikogruppen zeigte sich jedoch kein Unterschied. Patienten, die innerhalb der ersten Therapiewoche einen Blastenanstieg zeigten, der die Grenze von 1000 Blasten/μl am Therapietag 8 nicht überschritt, zeigten kein schlechteres Therapieergebnis als andere Prednison Good-Responder. Schlussfolgerung: Der prognostische Wert des Prednison-Response gilt auch für Patienten mit einer initialen peripheren leukämischen Blastenzahl von < 1000/μl.
Key words
Leukaemia - leukemia - ALL - childhood - prednisone response - prognosis - event free survival - treatment response
Schlüsselwörter
Leukämie - ALL - Prednison-Response - Prognose - ereignisfreies Überleben - Therapieansprechen
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Melchior Lauten, M. D.
Department of Paediatric Haematology and
Oncology
Children's Hospital
Hannover Medical
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Germany
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