Summary
We report an unusually severe case of pneumatosis cystoides
intestinalis in an adult female patient undergoing chemotherapy for
lymphoblastic crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia. An impressive
accumulation of gas was not only detected within the intestinal wall and
mesentery but also in the peritoneum, retroperitoneum, mediastinum and cervical
subcutaneous tissue. The patient was almost asymptomatic and fully recovered
within a few days of treatment. In addition to chemotherapy, the patient was
receiving trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and
lactulose for constipation. Mucosal damage due to chemotherapy and depletion of
tetrahydrofolic acid, changes in bowel flora induced by antibiotic treatment,
and the intake of unabsorbable carbohydrates may be responsible for the
severity of the disease.
Ein schwerer Fall von Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis mit
massiver, intra- und extraperitonealer Gasansammlung
Wir berichten über einen ungewöhnlich schweren Fall von
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis bei einer erwachsenen, weiblichen Patientin
unter Chemotherapie wegen lymphoblastischer Krise bei chronisch-myeloischer
Leukämie. Eine beeindruckende Gasansammlung wurde nicht nur in der
Darmwand und im Mesenterium, sondern auch im Peritoneum, Retroperitoneum,
Mediastinum und in der zervikalen Subkutis festgestellt. Die Patientin war
weitgehend asymptomatisch, und das Krankheitsbild bildete sich nach wenigen
Tagen Therapie komplett zurück. Vorausgegangen war neben der Chemotherapie
auch eine Behandlung mit Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol wegen
Pneumocystis-carinii-Pneumonie und mit Laktulose wegen Obstipation. Die
Kombination von Schädigung der intestinalen Mukosa durch Chemotherapie und
Folsäureantagonisten, veränderter Darmflora unter antibiotischer
Therapie und Einnahme nichtresorbierbarer Kohlenhydrate könnten für
die extreme Ausprägung der extra-luminalen Gasansammlung verantwortlich
sein.
Key words
Pneumatosis Cystoides
Intestinalis - Leukemia - Chemotherapy - Antibiotics
Schlüsselwörter
Pneumatosis cystoides
intestinalis - Leukämie - Chemotherapie - Antibiotika
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Address for correspondence
PD Dr. Federico Tatò
Medizinische Poliklinik - Innenstadt Klinikum der
LMU
Pettenkoferstraße 8a
80336 München
Email: tato@pk-i.med.uni-muenchen.de