Literatur
-
1
MacDonald A G.
A short history of fires and explosions caused by anaesthetic agents.
Br J Anaesth.
1994;
72
710-722
-
2
MacDonald A G.
A brief historical review of non-anaesthetic causes of fires and explosions in the operating room.
Br J Anaesth.
1994;
73
847-56
-
3
Patel K F, Hicks J H.
Prevention of Fire Hazards Associated with Use of Carbon Dioxide Lasers.
Anesth Analg.
1981;
60
885-888
-
4
Geffin B, Shapshay S M, Bellack G S, Hobin K, Setzer S E.
Flammability of Endotracheal Tubes during nd-YAG Laser Application in the Airway.
Anesthesiology.
1986;
65
511-515
-
5
Heine P, Axhausen M.
Anaesthesie und Laserchirurgie im Hals-Nasen-Ohrenbereich.
Anaesthesist.
1988;
37
10-18
-
6
Sosis M B, Dillon F X.
Saline-Filled Cuffs Help Prevent Laser-Induced Polyvinylchloride Endotracheal Tube Fires.
Anesth Analg.
1991;
72
187-189
-
7
Rampil I J.
Anesthetic Considerations for Laser Surgery.
Anesth Analg.
1992;
74
424-435
-
8
Bennet J A, Agree M.
Fire in the Chest.
Anesth Analg.
1994;
78
406
-
9
Keller C, Elliott W, Hubbell R N.
Endotracheal Tube Safety During Electrodissection Tonsillectomy.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.
1992;
118
643-645
-
10 Urteil des Bundesgerichtshof vom 26.1.1999 - VI ZR 376/97. Kommunikationsmängel zwischen Operateur und Anästhesist gefährden Patienten. ArztRecht 1999 2: 317-325
-
11
Neuman G G, Sidebotham G, Negoianu E, Bernstein J, Kopman A F, Hicks R G, West S T, Haring L.
Laparoscopy Explosion Hazards with Nitrous Oxide.
Anesthesiology.
1993;
78
875-879
-
12
Diemunsch PA et a l..
Nitrous Oxide Fraction in the Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum During Laparoscopy Under General Inhaled Anesthesia in Pigs.
Anesth Analg.
2000;
90
951-953
-
13
Waldorf H A, Kauvar A NB, Geronemus R G, Leffell D J.
Remote fire with the pulsed dye laser: Risk prevention.
J Am Acad Dermatol.
1996;
34
503-506
-
14
Chee W K, Benumof J L.
Airway Fire during Tracheostomy: Extubation may be Contraindicated.
Anesthesiology.
1998;
89
576-1578
-
15
Ortega R A.
A Rare Cause of Fire in the Operating Room.
Anesthesiology.
1998;
89
608
-
16
Eisler K, Hipp R, Nußer H, Schmeißer K.
Zur Problematik von Laserchirurgie und Anaesthesie.
Anaesthesist.
1986;
35
748-759
-
17
Vourch`h G, Tanniers M, Freche G.
Ignition of a tracheal tube during laryngeal laser surgery.
Anaesthesia.
1979;
34
685
-
18 Foth H J. Einsatz von Lasern in der Medizin. In: Universität Kaiserslautern (Hrsg.). Themen aus der Wissenschaft 5: Forschungsschwerpunkt Medizin. Naturwissenschaft und Technik 18-36
-
19
Foth H J.
Laser Resistance of Endotracheal Tubus I: Experimental Results of a Compound Tube in Comparison to a Metallic Tube.
Laser Med Sci.
1998;
13
242-252
-
20
Hawkins D B, Joseph M M.
Avoiding a Wrapped Endotracheal Tube in Laser Laryngeal Surgery: Experience With Apneic Anesthesia and Metal Laser-Flex Endotracheal Tube.
Laryngoscope.
1990;
100
1283-1287
-
21
Sosis M B, Braverman B.
Evaluation of Foil Coverings for Protecting Plastic Endotracheal Tubes from the Potassium-Titanyl-Phosphate Laser.
Anesth Analg.
1993;
77
589-591
-
22
Van der Spek A FL, Spargo P M, Norton M L.
The Physics of Lasers and Implications for their use during Airway Surgery.
Br J Anaesth.
1988;
60
709-729
-
23 Braun U. Anästhesiologische Probleme der HNO-Laserchirugie. In: Steiner W (Hrsg.) Endoskopische Laserchirurgie der oberen Luft- und Speisewege. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart New York 1997: 116-123
-
24
Zierl-Gruber C, Mair G, Dünzl B.
Anästhesie bei laserchirurgischen Eingriffen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung kehlkopfnaher Operationen.
Anästh Intensivmed.
1995;
36
11-16
-
25
Hermens J M, Bennet M J, Hirshman C A.
Anesthesia for Laser Surgery.
Anesth Analg.
1983;
62
218-222
-
26
Rieger A, Gramm H J, Kopf A, Philipp C, Scherer H.
Moderne Lösungen zur Anästhesiesicherheit bei supra- und infraglottischen Lasereingriffen.
Anästh Intensivmed.
1995;
36
173-177
-
27
Wolf G L, Simpson J I.
Flammability of Endotracheal Tubes in Oxygen and Nitrous Oxide Enriched Atmosphere.
Anesthesiology.
1987;
67
236-239
-
28
Simpson J I, Schiff G A, Wolf G L.
The Effect of Helium on Endotracheal Tube Flammability.
Anesthesiology.
1990;
73
538-540
-
29
Pashayan A G, Gravenstein J S, Cassisi N J, McLaughlin G.
The Helium Protocol for Laryngotracheal Operations with CO2 Laser: A Retrospective Review of 523 Cases.
Anesthesiology.
1988;
68
801-804
-
30
AlHaddad S, Brenner J.
Helium and Lower Oxygen Concentrations Do Not Prolong Tracheal Tube Ignition Time during Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Laser Use.
Anesthesiology.
1994;
80
936-938
-
31 Redeker T. Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen für halogenierte Anästhesiemittel im Gemisch mit verschiedenen Oxidationsmittel. In: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abteilung Wärme Bericht W-23. ISSN 0341-6739 1984
-
32
Leonhard P F.
The lower limits of flammability of halothane, enflurane and isoflurane.
Anest Analg.
1975;
54
238-240
-
33
Rieger A, Philipp C, Gramm H J, Römer M.
Die Verwendbarkeit von Endotrachealtuben für oropharyngeale und endolaryngeale Lasereingriffe.
Minimal Invasive Medizin.
1994;
5
169-178
-
34
Padfield A, Stamp J M.
Anaesthesia for laser surgery.
Eur J Anaesthesiol.
1992;
9
353-366
-
35
Conacher I D, Paes L L, McMahon C C, Morritt G N.
Anesthetic Management of Laser Surgery for Central Airway Obstruction: A 12-Year Case Series.
J Cardiothoracic Vasc Anesth.
1998;
12
153-156
-
36
Scherer T A.
Nd-YAG Laser Ignition of Silicone Endobronchial Stents.
Chest.
2000;
117
1449-1454
-
37
Vanderscheuren R GJRA, Westermann C JJ.
Complications of Endobronchial Neodymium-Yag (Nd:Yag) Laser Application.
Lung.
1990;
168
1089-1094
-
38
Freitag L, Chapman G A, Sielczak M, Ahmed A, Russin D.
Laser Smoke Effect on the Bronchial System.
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.
1987;
7
283-288
-
39
Epstein R H, Halmi B H.
Oxygen Leakage Around the Laryngeal Mask Airway During Laser Treatment of Port-Wine-Stains in Children.
Anesth Analg.
1994;
78
486-489
-
40
Brimacombo J R, Brain A IJ, Berry A M.
The Laryngeal Mask Airway.
WB Saunders Companys.
1997;
1
158-173
-
41
Pandit J J, Chambers P, O'Malley S.
KTP laser-resistant properties of the reinforced mask airway.
Br J Anaesth.
1997;
78
594-600
-
42
Paes M L.
General Anaesthesia for Carbon Dioxide Laser Surgery within the Airway.
Br J Anaesth.
1987;
59
1610-1620
-
43
Greilich P E, Greilich N B, Froelich E G.
Intraabdominal Fire during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
Anesthesiology.
1995;
83
871-874
-
44
Foth H J.
Laser Resistance of Endotracheal Tubus II: Observed Temperature Rise and Theoretical Explanation.
Lasers Med Sci.
1999;
14
24-31
Korrespondenzadresse
PD Dr. med. Hartmut Gehring
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Medizinische Universität
Ratzeburger Allee 160
23538 Lübeck
eMail: gehring@medinf.mu-luebeck.de
