Antiplasmodial Activity of Uvaria klaineana

Abstract

Crude extracts of Uvaria klaineana Engler and Diels (Annonaceae) stems showed in vitro activity against chloroquine-resistant K1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. The most active extract was the basic dichloromethane extract containing crude alkaloids (IC₅₀ = 3.55 μg/mL). The bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of the major alkaloid crotsparine (1) which showed an antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive Thai strain of P. falciparum and the chloroquine-resistant K1 and FcB1 strains of P. falciparum. Two minor alkaloids were also identified as crotonosine (2) and zenkerine (3). Their structures were elucidated using 2D-NMR techniques.

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