Zusammenfassung
Zweck, Anlage und Ort der Studie
Position und Beweglichkeit des Blasenhalses sind wichtige Faktoren in der Ätiologie der echten Stressinkontinenz. Zweck der Studie war die Bewertung der Wirkung verschiedener intraabdominaler Druckwerte (30 cm H2 O und maximaler intraabdominaler Druck) auf die Position und Mobilität des Blasenhalses und die Bestimmung der dadurch bedingten Veränderungen anderer sonographischer Parameter der ableitenden Harnwege.
Angelegt als Prospektivstudie.
Ort der Studie
Geburtshilfliche und Gynäkologische Abteilung der Karls-Universtität Prag, Tschechische Republik.
Methoden
22 Frauen mit nachweisbarer Stressinkontinenz wurden in die Studie aufgenommen. Es wurden perineale und introitale Ultraschalluntersuchungen auf der Sagittalebene durchgeführt und manometrische Messungen in Rückenlage vorgenommen. Messung der Ultraschallparameter erfolgte bei verschiedenen Abdominaldrucken (30 cm H2 O und maximaler intraabdominaler Druck). Die Blase wurde mit 300 ml steriler Salzlösung gefüllt. Trichterbildung wurde definiert als Zunahme der Entfernung zwischen den Innenrändern der proximalen Harnröhre während des Valsalva-Versuchs.
Ergebnisse
Es ergab sich ein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied in der Lage des Blasenhalses bei Zunahme des intraabdominalen Drucks von 30 cm H2 O auf maximalen intraabdominalen Druck. Die Lage des Blasenhalses ist bei maximalem intraabdominalem Druck niedriger und die interne Harnleitereinmündung ist offener.
Abstract
Objective
The position and the mobility of the bladder neck are important factors in the aetiology of genuine stress incontinence (GSI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different intra-abdominal pressures (30 cm H2 0 and maximal intra-abdominal pressure) on the position and mobility of the bladder neck and to determine the changes of other ultrasound parameters of the lower urinary tract.
Design
Prospective clinical study
Setting
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Methods
Twenty-two women with proven GSI participated in the study. Perineal and introital ultrasound (US) examinations in the sagittal plane and manometric measurement in the patients in supine position were performed. The measurements of US parameters were performed during the different abdominal pressures (30 cm H2 O and maximal intra-abdominal pressure). The bladder was filled with 300 ml of sterile saline. Funneling was described as the increase in the distance between the inner edges of the proximal urethra during the Valsalva manœuvre.
Results
We found a statistically significant difference in the position of the bladder neck during increasing of intra-abdominal pressures at 30 cm H2 O and at the maximal intra-abdominal pressure. The position of the bladder neck is lower during the application of the maximal intra-abdominal pressure and the internal orifice is more open.
Conclusion
Our preliminary results suggest that the intra-abdominal pressure 30 cm H2 O, as a standard for evaluation of mobility of the bladder neck, is not accurate for evaluation of maximal mobility (and funneling) of the bladder neck. We would therefore like to recommend the maximal intra-abdominal pressure for better evaluation of maximal mobility and bladder neck funneling.
Key words
Female Urinary Incontinence - Ultrasonography - Urinary bladder neck
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M.D., Ass. Prof. Alois Martan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University
Apolinářská 18
12800 Prague 2
Czech Republic
Email: martan@vfn.cz