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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-22119
Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Zur Effizienz von „Tensionfree Vaginal Tape“® (TVT) als Therapie von Harnstressinkontinenz bei hypotoner Urethra
Effectiveness of Tension-Free Vaginal Tape (TVT)® for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women With Low Pressure of the UrethraPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
18. März 2002 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung
Patientinnen mit Stressinkontinenz bei hypotoner Urethra, definiert als Urethraverschlussdruck (UVDR) kleiner oder gleich 20 cm H2O, stellen ein besonderes Risikokollektiv dar. Ziel der Studie ist die Evaluierung der klinischen Heilungsrate und Änderung des UVDR bei harnstressinkontinenten Frauen mit hypotoner Urethra nach TVT Operation.
Patientinnen und Methodik
Bei 25 Patientinnen mit einem präoperativ positiven Stresstest und hypotoner Urethra im Alter von 60,1 (36 - 77) Jahren wurden präoperativ und durchschnittlich 7 Monate nach einer TVT Operation eine klinische und urodynamische Untersuchung durchgeführt. Als geheilt wurden Patientinnen mit postoperativ negativem Stresstest und Anstieg des UVDR auf Werte über 20 cm H2O definiert.
Ergebnisse
Bei der Nachuntersuchung hatten 19 (76 %) der 25 mit TVT Operation behandelten Patientinnen einen negativen Stresstest und eine normotone Urethra. 4 (16 %) der Patientinnen zeigten ebenfalls einen negativen Stresstest, jedoch weiterhin eine hypotone Urethra, wenn auch der Urethraverschlussdruck anstieg. Insgesamt waren nun 23 (92 %) der Patientinnen klinisch kontinent.
Eine Patientin (4 %) hatte weiterhin einen positiven Stresstest, bei Anstieg des Urethraverschlussdruckes in den Normbereich und eine weitere Patientin (4 %) hatte sowohl einen positiven Stresstest als auch eine weiterhin hypotone Urethra. Der Urethraverschlussdruck stieg signifikant von 11,68 cm H2O (0 - 20) auf 25,80 cm H2O (10 - 55) an (p < 0,0001). Die übrigen urodynamischen Parameter wie Blasenvolumen, funktionelle Urethralänge, Detrusorkontraktionen zeigten keine signifikanten Veränderungen.
Schlussfolgerung
Die hohe Heilungsrate bei akzeptablen Nebenerscheinungen bestätigt die TVT Operation als Therapiemethode einer Harninkontinenz bei hypotoner Urethra.
Summary
Purpose
Patients with stress urinary incontinence at low urethral closure pressure, defined as maximum closure pressure equal or lower than 20 cm H2O, are at a higher risk for failure of surgical intervention. The aim of the study was to evaluate the objective healing and the changes of the urethral closure pressure of such women with severe urinary stress incontinence at hypotone urethra undergoing tension-free vaginal tape procedure.
Material and Methods
Out of 150 patients who underwent TVT procedure between May 1999 and August 2000 because of urinary stress incontinence we found 29 of them with hypotone urethra. 25 of these were followed up in this study. Condition for enclosure was a positive stress test (leakage of urine like a jet at filled bladder with 300 ml while coughing as well in lying as in standing position) and a maximum urethral closure pressure lower or equal to 20 cm H2O 4 - 6 weeks before surgery while performing urodynamic examination. 7 (4 - 12) months after surgery urodynamics and stress test were repeated. Healing was defined as negative stress test and regular maximum urethral pressure (higher than 20 cm H2O) at the time of control.
Results
19 (76 %) patients had a negative stress test and a regular urethral pressure. At 4 (16 %) women we found a negative stress test and still a hypotone urethra although maximum urethral pressure had risen but not up to 20 cm H2O. One (4 %) patient still had a positive stress test with regular urethral closure pressure and one (4 %) patient had a positive stress test as well as a hypotone urethra. Over all 23 (92 %) patients had a negative stress test and were healed of urinary stress incontinence in all day situation.
Conclusion
Our dates confirm TVT as a minimal invasive procedure to cure urinary stress incontinence in women with low pressure of the urethra.
Schlüsselwörter
Hypotone Urethra - TVT - Stressinkontinenz - Inkontinenzoperation
Key words
Low urethral closure pressure - Tension-free vaginal tape - Stress urinary incontinence
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OA Dr. Rainer Heider
Gynäkologisch-Geburtshilfliche Abteilung am LKH Steyr
Sierningerstr. 170
A-4400 Steyr
Österreich
eMail: rainer.heider@sr.lkh.ooe.gv.at