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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 23(2): 177-188
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-25306
Copyright © 2002 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.: +1(212) 584-4662

Genetics of Pulmonary Fibrosis

Mark M. Wurfel, Ganesh Raghu
  • Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Publication History

Publication Date:
24 April 2002 (online)

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ABSTRACT

Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disease that occurs in association with environmental exposures, several inherited diseases, collagen vascular disease, as well as in an idiopathic form. Epithelial cell damage, excessive fibroblast proliferation, upregulation of extracellular matrix production, and attenuated matrix degradation are shared pathophysiological features of these different forms of pulmonary fibrosis. Several observations suggest that genetic predisposition plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis. There is significant inter-individual variation in the degree of pulmonary fibrosis resulting from exposure to similar levels of an inhaled fibrogenic agent. There are several inherited diseases with known genetic mutations that have high rates of pulmonary fibrosis. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis can occur in multiple first-degree relatives, including those separated at an early age. Finally, recent studies have identified polymorphisms within genes for cytokines, histocompatability antigens, and extracellular matrix components that are associated with the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Identification of putative pulmonary fibrosis gene/s (PF gene/s) may result in novel diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for those at risk for development of pulmonary fibrosis.

KEYWORD

Pulmonary fibrosis - usual interstitial pneumonitis - genetic predisposition - inherited disorders - fibroproliferation

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