The antioxidant properties of isovitexin and related flavonoids were studied. Isovitexin inhibited xanthine oxidase with an IC50 value of = 15.2 μM. The flavonoid analogues, apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, and genistein also inhibited xanthine oxidase with IC50 values of 0.58, 2.18, 1.09, 9.90, and 4.83 μM, respectively. Isovitexin protected DNA from the Fenton reaction-induced breakage in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 9.52 μM. Isovitexin also protected HL-60 cells from the ROS damage induced by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction. Isovitexin exhibited the lowest cytotoxicity toward HL-60 cells (LD50 >400 μM) compared to the other flavonoids examined. In addition, excess hydrogen peroxide induced by cadmium in A2780 ovarian cells was significantly suppressed by isovitexin. These results suggest that isovitexin in rice may protect cells from oxidative stress.
References
1
Metodiewa D, Kochman A, Karolczak S.
Evidence for antiradical and antioxidant properties of four biologically active N, N-diethylaminoethyl ethers of flavanone oximes: a comparison with natural polyphenolic flavonoid (rutin) action.
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology International..
1997;
41
1067-75
2
Hayashi T, Sawa K, Kawasaki M, Arisawa M, Morita N.
Inhibition of cow’s milk xanthine oxidase by flavonoids.
Journal of Natural Products.
1988;
51
345-8
4
Tamogami K, Kodama O.
Coronatine elicits phytoalexin production in rice leaves (Oryza sativa L.) in the same manner as jasmonic acid.
Phytochemistry.
2000;
54
689-94
6
Stohs S J, Bagchi D, Hassoun E, Bagchi M.
Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol.
Oncol..
2000;
19
201-13
7
Ramarathnam N, Osawa T, Namiki M, Kawakishi S.
Chemical studies on novel rice hull antioxidants. 2. Identification of isovitexin, a C-glycosyl flavonoid. J. Agric.
Food Chem..
1989;
37
316-9
9
Inoue M, Suzuki R, Koide T, Sakaguchi N, Ogihara Y, Yoshisada Y.
Antioxidant, gallic acid, induces apoptosis in HL-60RG.
Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications.
1994;
204
898-904
10
Ubezio P, Civoli F.
Flow cytometric detection of hydrogen peroxide production induced by doxorubicin in cancer cells.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine.
1994;
16
509-16