Chemotherapie des fortgeschrittenen malignen Melanoms

Zusammenfassung

Das maligne Melanom stellt nach wie vor eine große therapeutische Herausforderung für Onkologen und Dermatologen dar. Auf 100 000 Einwohner in Europa kommen jährlich 10 neu diagnostizierte Melanomerkrankungen. Nur durch eine frühe Diagnose und adäquate chirurgische Exzision kann eine Metastasierung des Tumors verhindert werden. Bei ungefähr 20 % der Patienten führt die Erkrankung zur Metastasierung und zum Tod, denn im Stadium IV der Erkrankung gibt es keine kurative Behandlung. Keine der bisher durchgeführten Studien konnte eine therapeutische Überlegenheit einer Polychemotherapie und/oder einer Kombination mit Zytokinen gegenüber einer Monochemotherapie mit DTIC allein belegen. Somit bleibt DTIC der Standard in der Melanomtherapie, sowohl was Effektivität als auch Nebenwirkungsspektrum und Lebensqualität betrifft.

Abstract

Melanoma continues to present a major therapeutic challenge to oncologists, and dermatologists. Ten melanomas per 100 000 inhabitants are newly diagnosed per year in Europe. Only early detection and adequate surgical excision of the primary tumor will prevent metastatic dissemination. Around 20 % of affected patients will eventually metastasize and die of melanoma. No effective curative treatment ia available in stage IV of this disease. Polychemotherapy and/or combination with cytokines did not demonstrate superiority to single-agent DTIC which is still considered standard treatment in Europe.

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