Abstract
Background: In the light of the clinical
controversy whether metallic stents or plastic endoprostheses should be used in
the percutaneous treatment of biliary obstruction we retrospectively evaluated
our experience with both drainage-systems.
Methods: 71 patients (mean age 68 ±
12 years) underwent a total of 81 interventions and received either plastic
endoprostheses (11.5 or 12 French diameter; N = 57/81) or
metallic stents (N = 24/81).
Results: Drainage insertion was technically
successful in all of the 71 patients. There was no procedure-related mortality,
but a 30-day mortality of 15 % (N = 11).
Overall, 27 complications occurred in 81 interventions with a statistically
significant higher complication-rate in plastic endoprostheses
(39 %; N = 21/54) compared to metallic
stents (22 %; N = 6/27). The average patency
of the drainage-systems was 166 ± 341 days (range 1-2,705 days)
and did not differ significantly between the drainage-subtypes. Incidence of
complications and a further increase in serum bilirubin following intervention
was associated with a higher drainage occlusion-rate and reduced survival,
irrespective of the drainage-system used.
Conclusions: Percutaneous transhepatic
treatment of biliary obstructions with internal drainages is a reliable
therapy. The overall complication-rate of metallic stents was lower compared to
plastic endoprostheses; however, no significant differences were found with
respect to drainage patency or success-rate.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Aufgrund der anhaltenden
klinischen Diskussion, ob Metallstents oder Plastikendoprothesen in der
perkutanen Behandlung von biliären Obstruktionen eingesetzt werden
sollten, evaluierten wir unsere Erfahrungen mit beiden Drainagesystemen
retrospektiv.
Methoden: Bei 71 Patienten (mittleres Alter
68 ± 12 Jahre) wurden insgesamt 81 Interventionen durchgeführt, in
denen entweder eine Plastikendoprothese (11,5 oder 12 French-Durchmesser;
n = 57/81) oder ein Metallstent
(n = 24/81) platziert wurde.
Ergebnisse: Die Drainageninsertion war
technisch bei allen 71 Patienten erfolgreich. Eine interventionsbedingte
Mortalität bestand nicht; die 30-Tage-Mortalität betrug
15 % (n = 11). Insgesamt traten 27
Komplikationen in 81 Interventionen auf mit einer statistisch signifikant
höheren Komplikationsrate bei verwendeten Plastikendoprothesen
(39 %; n = 21/34) verglichen mit
Metallstents (22 %, n = 6/27). Die
durchschnittliche Offenheit der Drainagen betrug 166 ± 341 Tage (min. 1,
max. 2705 Tage) und unterschied sich nicht signifikant zwischen den einzelnen
Drainagesubtypen. Das Auftreten von Komplikationen und ein weiterer Anstieg des
Serumbilirubins nach Intervention waren mit einer höheren Okklusionsrate
der Drainage und einer verminderten Überlebenszeit assoziiert,
unabhängig von dem verwendeten Drainagetyp.
Schlussfolgerung: Perkutane transhepatische
Behandlung von biliären Obstruktionen mit internen Drainagen ist eine
zuverlässige Therapie. Die Komplikationsrate von Metallstents war geringer
im Vergleich zu Plastikendoprothesen; jedoch konnten keine signifikanten
Unterschiede bezüglich Offenheits- oder Erfolgsrate gefunden werden.
Key words
Bile Ducts - Interventional
Procedure - Bile Ducts - Stenosis or Obstruction - Bile
Ducts - Stents and Endoprostheses
Schlüsselwörter
Gallengänge - Interventionen
- Gallengänge - Stenosen oder Obstruktionen -
Gallengänge - Stents und Endoprothesen
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Matthias Beissert MD
Institut für Röntgendiagnostik der Universität
Würzburg
Josef-Schneider-Straße 2
97080 Würzburg
Germany
eMail: beissert@roentgen.uni-wuerzburg.de