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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-33966
Molekularbiologischer Nachweis von Tumormarkern im peripheren Blut und Plasma/Serum von Patienten mit malignem Melanom
Molecular Detection of Tumor Markers in Peripheral Blood and Plasma/Serum of Patients with Malignant MelanomaPublication History
Publication Date:
10 September 2002 (online)
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Zusammenfassung
Der frühe Nachweis einer Metastasierung beim malignen Melanom ist von entscheidender Bedeutung für die Prognose der Erkrankung. Zum Nachweis zirkulierender Tumorzellen wurden im Laufe der Jahre zunehmend sensitivere Methoden eingesetzt. Durch die Entwicklung der revers-transkribierten Polymerasekettenreaktion (RT-PCR) wurde ein spezifischer und sensitiver Nachweis zirkulierender Tumorzellen möglich. Beim malignen Melanom wurden mittels RT-PCR melanomspezifische Transkripte, insbesondere die Expression des Genes für das Enzym Tyrosinase in umfangreichen Studien untersucht. Weiterführende Projekte untersuchten die Expression weiterer Melanom-assoziierter Transkripte („Multimarker RT-PCR”), sowie den Einsatz der quantitativen „real-time”-RT-PCR zur Optimierung der Sensitivität und Spezifität zur Detektion von Mikrometastasen. Einen weiteren noch in der experimentellen Phase befindlichen Ansatz zum Nachweis von Mikrometastasen stellt die Analyse von frei zirkulierenden tumorassoziierten Nukleinsäuren im Plasma/Serum dar. Erste Daten bestätigen die prinzipielle Möglichkeit dieser Nachweismethodik als neuen Ansatz für den Nachweis einer Mikrometastasierung.
Abstract
The early detection of metastasis in malignant melanoma is important for prognosis of disease. For detection of circulating tumor cells more sensitive methods were developed during past years. Through the development of polymerase-chain-reaction a specific and sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells is possible. The expression of melanoma-associated transcripts in malignant melanoma, especially the expression of the tyrosinase gene, was analyzed in multiple studies. More recent studies analyze expression of different melanoma-associated transcripts (multi-marker RT-PCR) or usage of real-time RT-PCR for optimization of detection sensitivity and specificity of micrometastases. A new method under development is the detection of tumor-associated nucleic acids in plasma/serum. First data confirm the possible usage of this method for detection of micrometastases.
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Prof. Dr. med. Uwe Reinhold
Universitäts-Hautklinik und Poliklinik · Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes ·
66421 Homburg/Saar
Email: uwe.reinhold@uniklinik-saarland.de