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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34361
Neurotoxizität von 5-Fluorouracil
Neurotoxicity of 5-fluorouracilPublication History
eingereicht: 13.2.2002
akzeptiert: 18.6.2002
Publication Date:
26 September 2002 (online)
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Das Pyrimidinanalogon 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) wird seit mehr als 30 Jahren bei der Chemotherapie solider Tumoren eingesetzt und zählt heute zu den am häufigsten angewandten zytostatischen Pharmaka [8]. Indikationen sind insbesondere die Chemotherapie solider Tumoren des Gastrointestinaltraktes wie Magen-, Darm- und Pankreaskarzinom, von Mamma- sowie Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen. Hierbei kommt 5-FU in der Regel in Kombination mit anderen Zytostatika zum Einsatz. Die Therapie ist normalerweise gut verträglich; Knochenmarkdepression und gastrointestinale Nebenwirkungen sind die häufigsten dosislimitierenden Nebenwirkungen. Außerdem sind die Ausbildung einer Alopezie sowie eines Hand-Fuß-Syndroms möglich [14] [23]. Hingegen sind andere Nebenwirkungen, wie Kardiotoxizität [32] und Neurotoxizität vergleichsweise selten; in einer Auswertung von 1240 Patienten, die mit 5-FU in Form einer Mono- oder Kombinationstherapie behandelt wurden, entwickelten nur zwei Patienten neurologische Symptome [5]. Neurotoxische Nebenwirkungen einer Chemotherapie mit 5-FU wurden erstmals in Form einer zerebellären Ataxie beschrieben [26] [28]. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die neurotoxischen Nebenwirkungen von 5-FU dargestellt.
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Dr. med. Christoph Sucker
Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Klinik
und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin C, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität
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