Transarterielle Embolisation von Uterusmyomen - Eine neue Therapieoption bei symptomatischem Uterus myomatosus

Zusammenfassung

Die transarterielle Embolisation von Uterusmyomen ist eine neue minimal-invasive Therapie beim symptomatischen Uterus myomatosus und stellt eine gebärmuttererhaltende Behandlungsalternative zu den gynäkologisch-operativen Verfahren dar. Die bisher vorliegenden mittelfristigen Ergebnisse zeigen eine hohe klinische Erfolgsrate mit Verbesserung von myombedingten Blutungsbeschwerden in 80 - 100 %, Verbesserung der Beschwerden durch raumfordernde Wirkung der Leiomyome in 60 - 100 % der Fälle und Größenreduktion der Myomknoten um durchschnittlich 36 - 78 % bei geringer Komplikations- und Nebenwirkungsrate. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit soll anhand der aktuellen Literatur und eigener Erfahrungen eine Übersicht zu Indikationen und Kontraindikationen, Technik und Pathophysiologie der Embolisation, Materialauswahl, Ergebnissen und Komplikationen des Verfahrens gegeben werden.

Abstract

Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) is a new minimal-invasive therapy for the treatment of symptomatic leiomyomata of the uterus and a uterine-sparing alternative to surgical procedures. Short-term and mid-term results indicate a high clinical success rate with improvement of fibroid-related bleeding symptoms in 80 - 100 % of cases, improvement of bulk symptoms in 60 - 100 % of cases and reduction in fibroid volume at an average of about 36 - 78 % combined with a low rate of complications and side effects. This review discusses indications and contraindications, technique and pathophysiology, choice of material, results and complications of UFE on the basis of the current literature and our own results.

Schlüsselwörter

Interventionelle Radiologie - Vaskuläre Interventionen - Embolisation - Uterus - Leiomyome

Key words

Interventional radiology - vascular interventions - embolization - uterus - leiomyomata

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