Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the myosin heavy chain
(MHC) composition of single muscle fibers from the gastrocnemius of male
collegiate distance (DIST; n = 7), middle-distance (MID;
n = 6), and recreational runners (REC;
n = 6). Additionally, mATPase histochemistry was used to
serve as a comparison to previous studies and the single fiber MHC technique.
SDS-PAGE of single muscle fibers revealed a higher proportion of MHC I in DIST
compared to MID and REC (74.9 ± 4.3 vs
54.4 ± 2.8 vs
56.2 ± 2.9 %, respectively;
p < 0.05), less MHC IIa/IIx in DIST compared to MID and REC
(0.0 ± 0.0 vs 6.0 ± 2.4 vs
15.9 ± 4.2 %, respectively;
p < 0.05), and more total hybrids
(I/IIa+IIa/IIx+I/IIa/IIx) in REC than both run groups, DIST and MID
(23.0 ± 3.3 vs 6.2 ± 1.1 vs
13.2 ± 2.6 %, respectively;
p < 0.05). ATPase histochemistry (pH 4.54) revealed a higher
percentage of type I fibers in DIST compared to MID and REC
(71.1 ± 3.1 vs 56.3 ± 2.5 vs
59.8 ± 2.3 %, respectively;
p < 0.05), a higher percentage of type IIa in MID compared to
DIST and REC (43.3 ± 2.7 vs
28.5 ± 3.1 vs.
30.2 ± 3.1 %, p < 0.05),
and a higher distribution of type IIb in REC than both run groups
(10.0 ± 2.7 vs 0.4 ± 0.2 vs
0.4 ± 0.2 %, p < 0.05).
These results suggest that distance running leads to an increase in MHC I
expression, training for mid-distance events leads to a prevalence of MHC IIa,
and run training leads to a decrease in hybrid fibers.
Key words
Human skeletal muscle - endurance training - hybrid - myosin isoform
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